A natural chute in the Niobrara River near Cody, Nebr., constricts the flow of the river except at high stages to a narrow channel in which the turbulence is sufficient to suspend nearly the total sediment discharge. Because much of the flow originates in the sandhills area of Nebraska, the water discharge and sediment discharge are relatively uniform. Sediment discharges based on depth-integra...

As an object approaches the eye, its retinal image size grows larger and its surface texture appears to grow coarser. We compare these two visual correlates of motion in their effectiveness as stimuli for motion in depth. In some experiments texture and object size both expanded or both contracted; in other experiments the two stimuli were pitted against each other. When texture and size change...

Bacterial communities can exert significant influence on the biogeochemical cycling of arsenic (As). This has globally important implications since As in drinking water affects the health of over 100 million people worldwide, including in the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta region of Bangladesh where geogenic arsenic in groundwater can reach concentrations of more than 10 times the World Health Organi...

Current knowledge of the mechanics of alluvial channels depends very largely on calculations of turbulent shear stresses; typical examples are the beginning of motion of sediment particles and sediment transport in alluvial channels. If shear stress can be well defined in clear-water flows, comparatively little is known about shear stresses in sediment-laden flows. Einstein and Chien (1955) pro...

Weathering on mountain slopes converts rock to sediment that erodes into channels and thus provides streams with tools for incision into bedrock. Both the size and flux of sediment from slopes can influence channel incision, making sediment production and erosion central to the interplay of climate and tectonics in landscape evolution. Although erosion rates are commonly measured using cosmogen...

[1] In a drainage network, sediment is transferred through a series of channel/valley segments (natural sediment storage reservoirs) that are distinguished from their neighbors by their particular capacity to store and transport sediment. We propose that the sediment transport capacity of each reservoir is a unique positive function of storage volume, which influences sediment mobility and avai...

Prevention and estimation of soil erosion from forest roads requires an understanding of how road design and maintenance affect sediment production. Seventyfour plots were installed on forest roads in the Oregon Coast Range to examine the relationship between sediment production and road attributes such as distance between culverts, road slope, soil texture, and cutslope height. An additional c...

The alluvial flood plains of lowland Britain contain thick sequences of fine-grained sediment that result from the deposition of suspended sediment during flood events. These environments constitute important storage zones for a wide range of sediment-associated nutrients and con­ taminants and many of the geochemical properties of the deposited sediment are strongly related to particle size. R...