Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form mutualistic symbiotic relationships with approximately 80% of terrestrial plant species, while producing the glycoprotein glomalin as a structural support molecule along their mycelial network. Glomalin confers two benefits for soils: (1) acting carbon and nitrogen storage molecule; (2) binding soil microaggregates (<250 µm) to larger, more stable struc...

Three soil fumigants were evaluated at a nursery in Georgia and one in South Carolina. Seedbed density and seedling development were compared among plots treated with tarped and not tarped dazomet at 140 and 280 lbs/ac, tarped and not tarped chloropicrin at 125 and 250 lbs/ac, tarped MC33 at 350 lbs/ac and non-fumigated plots. Differences among treatments occurred only in South Carolina where b...

The physiological process of germination depends on several environmental factors such as temperature, water potential, light, nutrients and smoke. Water and temperature are determinant factors for seed germination. Both factors can, separately or jointly, affect the germination percentage and germination rate. The effect of temperature on germination and water potential on germination canoften...

We propose a 3D-approach of the soil surface height variations, either for the roughness characterization by the mean of the bidimensional correlation function, or as input of a backscattering model. We consider plots of 50 cm by 50 cm and two states of roughness of seedbed surfaces: an initial state just after tillage and a second state corresponding to the soil roughness evolution under a rai...

Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. is one of the most important weeds. It distributed worldwide and has adapted to diverse habitats climatic conditions. This study aimed compare emergence patterns two populations E. from different environments at 11 locations across Europe Middle East. Seeds were collected maize in Italy spring barley Norway then buried soil autumn 2015. In 2016, was disturb...

Abstract The paper aims to assess the use of various forms nitrogen fertilizers (seedbed dressing and foliar dressing) in barley cultivation steppe forest-steppe zones Omsk region. research objects were barley, fertilizers, ordinary chernozem, meadow chernozem. Variety – Sasha. most agronomic efficiency zone, 5.52 kg grain derived from 1 fertilizer nitrogen, was yielded response N 30 form ammon...

Mulching is done to conserve moisture, improve the fertility & health of soil, reduce weed growth, and enhance Beauty area. Before laying mulch sheets, suitable seedbed preparation major tasks before farmers. Traditionally, seedbeds are prepared with help draught animals or machines then mulching by manually which very time energy consuming. However, each these operations individually, resu...