On a stepped spillway, the steps contribute to some dissipation of the turbulent kinetic energy, while free-surface aeration can be very intense. The aim of this study is to investigate the two-phase flow properties on a gabion stepped spillway, including both free-surface and seepage flows, as well as the bubbly flow interactions at the gabion interface. Detailed measurements were conducted in...

Methane hydrate is an icelike substance that is stable at high pressure and low temperature in continental margin sediments. Since the discovery of a large number of gas flares at the landward termination of the gas hydrate stability zone off Svalbard, there has been concern that warming bottom waters have started to dissociate large amounts of gas hydrate and that the resulting methane release...

Numerical models can be valuable tools in the prediction of seepage. The results can often be misleading if proper variational analysis is not performed. Measurement of the soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) or saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity information is often neglected or minimized. The modeller is therefore forced to develop a seepage model based on estimated soil prop...

The re-emergence of groundwater at the surface shapes the Earth’s topography through a process known as seepage erosion1–5. In combination with flow over land6, seepage erosion contributes to the initiation and growth of channel networks1–5. Seepage processes have also been invoked in the formation of enigmatic amphitheatre-headed channel networks on both Earth7–11 and Mars12–14. However, the r...

The clarification on the collapse mechanism of a caisson breakwater has been an urgent task in order to reduce damages caused by next millennium tsunamis. In this study, piping destruction of a mound induced by seepage flow is taken into consideration solely. A stabilized ISPH method proposed by Asai (2012) is adopted with some modification associated with the extended Darcy law (Akbari 2013, 2...

piping sometimes is occurred due to seepage of water in hydraulic structures. the continuty of this phenomenon decreases the safety or caused the failure of a structure. in this work, experimental tests were carried out on statically compacted natural and randomly reinforced silt sandy soil samples. the randomly reinforced samples were prepared with different lengths and percentages of an artif...

rade control structures are used to control bed erosion in steep small rivers mostly in the mountains. Scour downstream of this structure can lead to failure. Over the past years, the effect of different variables on this phenomena have been studied, however the effect of upward seepage which is common due to head difference of the banks water table or water surface level between the upstream a...

Submarine groundwater discharge can significantly influence the near shore transport of chemicals into surface waters. Quantification of the sources and rates of such discharge is critical to development of management strategies. Quantification requires a groundwater seepage meter that provides continuous measurements at high resolutions over an extended period of time. An ultrasonic flow meter...

Papers published in Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions are under open-access review for the journal Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Abstract We investigated one of the best-known and second largest karst areas in Germany (Blautopf Catchment) that offers a unique access waters of the unsaturated zone through a large cave system. As tracers for water flow and storage we measured ...

In order to investigate the influence of 3D morphology parameters of marble joint surface on its mechanical and seepage characteristics, artificial joints of coarse-grained marbles were scanned by Tianyuan OKIO-typed 3D laser scanner; and then, the professional software was used to obtain the 3D morphology parameters of marble joint surface. Tests of water flowing through a single joint were co...