Recently, a novel DNA virus designated SEN virus (SEN-V), which is thought to be related to posttransfusion hepatitis, was discovered. The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between SEN-V infection and the development of liver disease. We examined SEN-V from the sera of 21 patients with non-B, non-C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 13 patients with non-B, non-C chronic l...

Aim: A recently discovered DNA virus (SEN virus) has been assumed to be responsible for posttransfusion hepatitis in humans. Phylogenetic analysis of the SEN virus (SEN-V) has revealed the existence of 8 different genotypes (A-H). SEN-V genotype-H (SENV-H) and SEN-V genotype-D (SENV-D) have been described as most closely associated with post-transfusion hepatitis. So far, it is unclear whether ...

In this paper we establish a joint central limit theorem for customer and time averages by applying a martingale central limit theorem in a Markov framework. The limiting values of the two averages appear in the translation terms. This central limit theorem helps to construct confidence intervals for estimators and perform statistical tests. It thus helps determine which finite average is a mor...

In this paper we establish a joint central limit theorem for customer and time averages by applying a martingale central limit theorem in a Markov framework. The limiting values of the two averages appear in the translation terms. This central limit theorem helps to construct confidence intervals for estimators and perform statistical tests. It thus helps determine which finite average is a mor...

INTRODUCTION Torque teno virus (TTV) and SEN virus are circular single-stranded DNA viruses that cause blood-borne infections. The SEN virus (SEN-V) was originally detected in the serum of an injection drug user infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Recently TTV was discovered as a potential causative agent of non-A-E hepatitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalenc...

BACKGROUND SEN virus is a blood-borne, single-stranded, nonenveloped DNA virus. Two of its strains (D and H), appear to be associated with non-A-to-E hepatitis more frequently than the others, although it is not clear whether this observation has any significance. The prevalence of SEN virus in otherwise healthy individuals, including blood donors, differs markedly by geographic region. In this...

In the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, normal prion protein (PrP-sen) is converted to a protease-resistant isoform, PrP-res, by an apparent self-propagating activity of the latter. Here we describe new, more physiological cell-free systems for analyzing the initial binding and subsequent conversion reactions between PrP-sen and PrP-res. These systems allowed the use of antibodies to ...

We study equational axiomatizations of bisimulation equivalence for the language obtained by extending Milner's basic CCS with string iteration. String iteration is a variation on the original binary version of the Kleene star operation p q obtained by restricting the rst argument to be a non-empty sequence of atomic actions. We show that, for every positive integer k, bisimulation equivalence ...