A novel stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) procedure termed sequential SBSE was developed. Compared to conventional SBSE, sequential SBSE provides more uniform enrichment over the entire polarity/volatility range for organic pollutants at ultra-trace levels in water. Sequential SBSE consists of a SBSE performed sequentially on a 5-mL sample fi rst without modifi er using one stir bar, then on ...

During carbon steel manufacture, slag residues are generated to remove material impurities from liquid metal and thus control the quality of carbon steel. As the utilization of secondary metallurgical slags is not as efficient as those of primary slags, a comprehensive characterization of steel ladle slag was performed. Pseudo-total concentrations of a wide range of elements were determined dur...

This article carried out the extraction of sesame oil by using three extraction techniques: supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), Soxhlet and sequential extraction. The SFE was performed using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) as solvent and ethanol as cosolvent. Tests were performed at 20 MPa, 35°C and a flow rate of 2.5 g CO2/min with a total extraction time of 210 minutes. The Soxhlet ex...

This review includes our researches and other methodologies related to flow-based techniques, such as flow injection analysis (FIA) and sequential injection analysis (SIA). The methods will demonstrate semi-and full automated FIA and SIA, including liquid-liquid and liquid-solid extraction. FIA using alternative chemical reactions in the aqueous solution was applied to the trace analysis of met...

The development of instrumentation for sequential injection analysis with a "lab-at-valve" (SIA-LAV) micro-extraction system is presented. The extractive determination of an anionic surfactant using methylene blue was selected as a model. Sample, reagents and organic solvent were sequentially aspirated into an extraction coil connected to the center of a selection valve, where extraction took p...

Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author Mikko Mäkelä Name of the doctoral dissertation Assessing potential forest and steel inter-industry residue utilisation by sequential chemical extraction Publisher School of Chemical Technology Unit Department of Forest Products Technology Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 121/2012 Field of resea...