We discuss, in this paper, the design of a life-like agent interface that considers the social aspects in human-agent interaction. The underlying hypothesis of the design is that human social behaviors toward life-like agents are on a par with those toward humans. Humans tend to sympathize with and follow other humans based on their affiliation needs. Therefore, it should be with life-like agen...

Background: Uterine natural killer (uNK) cells are the most abundant leukocytes in pre-implantation endometrium and early pregnancy deciduas in humans and rodents. They are associated with structural changes in maternal spiral arteries but regulation of their re-cruitment and activation is incompletely understood. The major subpopulation of uNK cells in humans expresses CD56, the neural cell ad...

Humans have the ability to mentally travel forward and back in time. They can retrieve vivid memories of past events (episodic memories) and can imagine the future (planning). Although it has been suggested that this is a uniquely human ability, the evidence for subjective time travel in humans is typically based on verbal report and elaboration. Such evidence cannot be obtained from animals. H...

Humans evolved in populations structured in groups that extended beyond the nuclear family. Individuals interacted with each other within these groups and there was limited migration and sometimes conflicts between these groups. Suppose that during this evolution, individuals transmitted their behaviors or preferences to their (genetic or cultural) offspring, and that material outcomes resultin...

During man’s relatively brief existence on this planet, he has relied on the bounty of its flora and fauna for his existence. He has harvested wildlife for food, clothing, shelter, medicines, beasts of burden, pets, and companionship. Over most of this period, this harvesting and exploitation had little impact on those resources. Human population was very low, and most animal and plant populati...

Technically simple proofs are given of the HVZ theorem on the bottom of the essential spectrum of multiparticle systems and of Combes' result on completeness below the lowest three body threshold. The first proof is a variant of a proof of Enss and a decendent of Zhislin's original proof. Finally, we apply our methods to the bound state spectrum.

Emotional signals allow for the sharing of important information with conspecifics, for example to warn them of danger. Humans use a range of different cues to communicate to others how they feel, including facial, vocal, and gestural signals. Although much is known about facial expressions of emotion, less research has focused on affect in the voice. We compare British listeners to individuals...

In the blood plasma of humans and rats, ceruloplasmin is the major copper-binding protein and ferroxidase, accounting for 70% of the copper present in the plasma, with the rest binding primarily to albumin and a macroglobulin. Systematic studies with fresh plasma were carried out to compare what occurs in the mouse. C57BL6 mice had half as much copper and pPD (p-phenylene diamine) oxidase activ...