We consider a situation where a distribution is being estimated by the empirical distribution of noisy measurements. The measurements errors are allowed to be heteroskedastic and their variance may depend on the realization of the underlying random variable. We use an asymptotic embedding where the noise shrinks with the sample size to calculate the leading bias arising from the presence of noi...

The apparent activation energy of sintering for 8-mol%-Y2O3-doped ZrO2 during shrinkage-rate-controlled flash was determined using a master curve. SCF found to decrease from approximately 700 430 kJ/mol with density. in high-density region is similar value lattice diffusion, 460 kJ/mol. relative density range over which the occurred smaller than thermal and further moved lower temperature range...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the polymerization stress and degree of conversion of a composite submitted to different photoactivation protocols. The composite Filtek Z350 was placed in the central perforation of a photoelastic disc and polymerized using a LED-based curing unit (BluePhase II--Ivoclar Vivadent) with energy density of 12, 24 or 36 J/cm2 using the following photopolymeriza...

The retention of nanocrystallinity in dense ceramic materials is still a challenge, even with the application of external pressure during sintering. The compaction behavior of high purity and acetate enriched zinc oxide (ZnO) nano-powders was investigated. It was found that acetate in combination with water plays a key role during the compaction into green bodies at moderate temperatures. Appli...

The adsorption of polymethylmethacrylate polymer of different molecular weight at the aerosil/ethyleneglycolor 1,3 butanediol-dimethacrylate interfaces was determined to provide microstructured networks. Their structural characteristics were determined to be controlled by the amount of polymer initially supplied to the system. The sediment (the settled phase) characteristics, determined as a fu...

In this study, the physical properties (oven-dry density, basic volumetric shrinkage, and swelling) structural components (cellulose, lignin, extractives content) of three wild almond wood species from southwestern Iran, namely Amygdalus arabica, eburna, scoparia, were investigated. Wild is a valuable in Zagros forests but there lack data on their properties. Three adult trees each chosen, samp...

Abstract This study has quantified basic wood density and various types of shrinkage in relation to initial spacing (or planting density) tree growth based on a 48-year-old black spruce ( Picea mariana ) trial eastern Canada. A total 139 sample trees were collected from four spacings (3086, 2500, 2066, 1372 trees/ha) for this study. Analyses variance (ANOVA) show that is the most important para...

In modern research, development of monomers that reduce shrinkage of composite materials remains an ongoing quest and perennial challenge. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to analyze the shrinkage behaviour of an innovative composite material for dental restorations based on a monomer with a new chemical formulation, known as silorane. To this end, shrinkage stress development during c...

The objectives of this study were to compare the polymerization shrinkage of three orthodontic adhesives. In addition we wanted to determine the effectiveness of the high-intensity quartz tungsten halogen (HQTH) in curing orthodontic adhesives on polymerization shrinkage with that of the quartz tungsten halogen (QTH). A total of 120 glass ring molds were prepared using a low-speed saw. The inte...