The excess of electrons/positrons observed by the Pamela and ATIC experiments gives rise to a noticeable amount of synchrotron and Inverse Compton Scattering (ICS) radiation when the ee interact with the Galactic Magnetic Field, and the InterStellar Radiation Field (ISRF). In particular, the ICS signal produced within the WIMP annihilation interpretation of the Pamela/ATIC excess shows already ...

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The relationships between individuals in various systems are always described by networks. Recently, the quick development of computer science makes it possible to study the structures of those super-complex networks in many areas including sociology (Xuan et al., 2009; Xuan, Du & Wu, 2010a), biology (Barabási & Oltvai, 2004; Eguíluz et al., 2005), physics (Dorogovtsev et al., 2008; Rozenfeld e...

With the advent of multi-slice computed tomography (CT) scanner and the sophisticated CT reconstruction algorithm, CT Angiography (CTA) is increasingly used to evaluate patient with vascular diseases (Fleischmann et al., 2006; Chow & Rubin, 2002; Rubin at al., 2001). It has many advantages over the conventional catheter angiograms: 1) non-invasiveness, 2) short acquisition time, 3) multiple vie...

ground penetration radar (gpr) as a nondestructive method for identifying underground objects has been successfully applied to different fields of science such as geotechnical investigations, oil and gas exploration, geology, pipe detection and archeology investigations. metallic and nonmetallic objects can be identified by this method.  the depth of penetration is dictated by the gpr antennas....

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by a progressive loss of upper and/or lower motor neurons (Bruijn et al., 2004). Dysfunction and death of these neurons lead to muscle weakness, atrophy and spasticity. A fatal event for the majority of patients is a failure of the respiratory muscles, which generally occurs within one to five years of dis...