Forest canopy height is an important input for ecosystem and highly correlated with aboveground biomass at the landscape scale. In this paper, we make efforts to extracte the maximum canopy height using GLAS waveform combination with the terrain index in sloped area where LiDAR data were present. Where LiDAR data were not present, the optical remote sensing data were used to estimate the canopy...

Soils from the remote areas of the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil are poorly mapped due to the presence of dense forest and lack of access routes. The use of covariates derived from multispectral and radar remote sensors allows mapping large areas and has the potential to improve the accuracy of soil attribute maps. The objectives of this study were to: (a) evaluate the addition of relief, and veg...

Most 3D geological modelling tools were designed for the needs of the oil industry and are not suited to the variety of situations encountered in other application domains. Moreover, the usual modelling tools are not able to quantify the uncertainty of the geometric models generated. The potential-field method was designed to build 3D geological models from data available in geology and mineral...

According to the IPI (integrated pollution index) report, almost 65 percent of all cities and dust of their roads were polluted with heavy metals. These areas threaten the health of human. Identifying, mapping and monitoring the pollution are the first step in contamination management. Hence, in recent decades many methods are presented to identify and mapping based on computer software that am...

Models for spatial autocorrelation and cross-correlation depend on the distance and direction separating two locations, and are constrained so that for all possible sets of locations, the covariance matrices implied from the models remain nonnegative-definite. Based on spatial correlation, optimal linear predictors can be constructed that yield complete maps of spatial fields from incomplete an...

Assessing the spatial distribution of weeds within a field is key step to success site-specific weed management strategies. Centaurea diluta (knapweed) an emerging that causing major agronomic problem in southern and central Spain because its large size, difficulty controlling it, high competitive ability. The main objectives this study were examine variability C. density two wheat fields by mu...

The estimation of pollution fields, especially in densely populated areas, is an important application in the field of environmental science due to the significant effects of air pollution on public health. In this paper, we investigate the spatial distribution of three air pollutants in Tehran’s atmosphere: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and atmospheric particulate matters less ...

The benefits of an integrated geographical information system (GIS) and a geostatistics approach to accurately model the spatial distribution pattern of precipitation are known. However, the determination of the most appropriate geostatistical algorithm for each case is usually neglected, i.e. it is important to select the best interpolation technique for each study area to obtain accurate resu...