Pickup and delivery problems constitute an important class of vehicle routing problems in which objects or people have to be collected and distributed. This paper introduces a general framework to model a large collection of pickup and delivery problems, as well as a three-field classification scheme for these problems. It surveys the methods used for solving them.

This paper addresses the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery (EVRP-SPD), in which electric vehicles (EVs) simultaneously deliver goods to pick up from customers. Due limited battery capacity of EVs, their range is shorter than that internal combustion vehicles. In EVRP, addition depot customers, there are also charging stations (CS) because EVs need be charged...

This thesis considers the Dynamic Pickup and Delivery Problem (DPDP), a dynamic multi-stage vehicle routing problem in which each demand requires two spatially separated services: pickup service at its source location and then delivery service at its destination location. The Dynamic Pickup and Delivery Problem arises in many practical applications, including taxi and courier services, manufact...

This paper deals with the Vehicle Routing Problem with Simultaneous Pickup and Delivery (VRPSPD). A procedure based on the Iterated Local Search (ILS) metaheuristic that uses the Variable Neighborhood Descent (VND) method for performing the local search is proposed. According to literature, the most successful algorithms for the VRPSPD are pure or hybrid versions of the Tabu Search metaheuristi...

This paper considers a special vehicle routing problem, the two-echelon problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup demands (2E-VRPSDP). The 2EVRPSDP differs from classic transportation problems in two ways. First, freight depot to customers is managed by shipping through intermediate satellites. Second, each customer 2E-VRPSDP may have demands. an extension of (2E-VRP) (VRPSDP). A variable n...