UNLABELLED INTRODUCTION Access procedures for alimentation have been performed both endoscopically and surgically. In patients in whom endoscopic gastrostomy feeding tubes cannot be placed, single-incision laparoscopic surgery gastrostomy is an alternative method. This minimally invasive approach is a new technique performed through a single umbilical incision and without the need for additi...

INTRODUCTION Benign metastasizing leiomyoma (BML) is a rare disorder that affects women with a history of uterine leiomyoma, which is found to metastasise within extrauterine sites. The aetiology of BML remains unexplained. Because BML is rare, and most publications contain descriptions of single cases, no statistically determined time relations were found between the primary and secondary surg...

NOTES can also be performed as a hybrid procedure in conjunction with conventional transabdominal ports. Closely related to NOTES is the development of procedures performed through a solitary small transabdominal incision. These procedures have been referred to as single-port access surgery, single-port laparoscopy surgery, single-incision laparoscopy surgery (SILS), or laparoendoscopic single-...

Unlike open surgery, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) involves small incisions through which instruments are passed to perform surgery. This technique is preferred since it reduces postoperative pain and recovery time. Laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery is the next step in MIS; a single incision is created instead of multiple access points for allowing the instruments to enter the peri...