The development of the axial skeleton is a complex process, consisting of segmentation and differentiation of somites and ossification of the vertebrae. The autosomal recessive skeletal fusion with sterility (sks) mutation of the mouse causes skeletal malformations due to fusion of the vertebrae and ribs, but the underlying defects of vertebral formation during embryonic development have not ye...

BACKGROUND A number of studies have attempted to quantify the relative volumes of the endocranial volume and brain parenchyma in association with the pathogenesis of the Chiari-like malformation (CLM) in the Cavalier King Charles spaniel (CKCS). In our study we examine the influence of allometric scaling of the brain and cranial cavity volume on morphological parameters in different dog breeds....

autologous bone is considered the first choice as material of cranioplasty because of its biological and anatomical features. however in some situations such as skull fractures or tumors the bone flap is not available or it must be replaced with a heterologous cranioplasty because of the development of surgical complications. authors of this study aimed to identify which are the best materials ...

BACKGROUND Deformational plagiocephaly is cranial asymmetry caused by external forces on the skull. Deformational plagiocephaly is seen in 5% to 48% of healthy newborns. Incomplete uvular fusion, in contrast, is one of many uvular malformations. The incidence of all degrees of incomplete uvular fusion is approximately 1% in healthy children. Bifid uvula is a malformation that is often considere...

In a retrospective study, distance measurements of nine children with craniofacial malformation were analyzed. The accuracy of measurements was compared when measured on a workstation using a 16-slice multidetector spiral computed tomography and on a stereolithographic model. Three different methods of defining distances were investigated: 1) on the stereolithographic plastic models, 14 distanc...

Chamberlain’s paper in 1939 on “Basilar impression (platybasia)” has stimulated the interest of the medical profession in the study of malformation of the base of the skull and upper cervical spine, an anomaly up to that time receiving very little attention. In this paper he proposed a criterion for the diagnosis of platybasia based on the amount of projection of the odontoid process above a li...

Objective: In pediatric patients, autologous-bone assisted cranioplasty is preferred because the child’s original skull material will become reintegrated. Unfortunately, the replaced bone flap sometimes undergoes bone resorption, which results in structural breakdown necessitating reoperation. We report two children who underwent failure of autologous cranioplsty following decompressive craniec...

PATTEN (1952) described 'a curious distortion of the central nervous system' in human embryos measuring 5,7,12-5,20, and 30 mm. in length, as well as in some pig embryos. The malformation was called'overgrowth of the neural tube'. Instead of the indecisive word 'overgrowth' the present writer suggests the more exact term 'hypermorphosis' should be used for this malformation. Patten described it...

© 2015 The Authors. doi: 10.2340/00015555-2100 Journal Compilation © 2015 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555 Localized scleroderma (LS) in childhood is a relatively rare fibrosing disorder of the skin and underlying tissues. Early subtle skin changes include hyperpigmented, hypopigmented, erythematous, or purplish patches. In particular, En coup de sabre (ECDS), a linear type of LS loca...