in all engineering applications where solid surfaces slide on each other, friction plays an important role. it becomes even more important, particularly in metal forming processes where the two sliding materials are metallic. among forming processes, forging is an important process, because of improving material structure, mechanical properties and reducing production time. an inverse analysis ...

In this paper we review and integrate a set of findings on learning the transformation of a sliding first-order lever, a type of tool with a prominent role in minimal access surgery. Its kinematic transformation is characterized by the so-called fulcrum effect, the inversion of the movement direction of the tip of the lever relative to that of the hand for rotations. A second characteristic is ...

The Chlamydomonas I1 dynein is a two-headed inner dynein arm important for the regulation of flagellar bending. Here we took advantage of mutant strains lacking either the 1α or 1β motor domain to distinguish the functional role of each motor domain. Single- particle electronic microscopic analysis confirmed that both the I1α and I1β complexes are single headed with similar ringlike, motor doma...

MAPs and microtubule motor proteins from the massive microtubule translocation complexes within the ovaries of hemipteran insects have been identified and characterized. Both classes of proteins have been compared with those of other systems, and the function of both in the insect ovaries is speculated upon.

This paper addresses the problem of the fractional sliding mode control (FSMC) for a MEMS optical switch. The proposed scheme utilizes a fractional sliding surface to describe dynamic behavior of the system in the sliding mode stage. After a comparison with the classical integer-order counterpart, it is seen that the control system with the proposed sliding surface displays better transient per...

This paper addresses the problem of the fractional sliding mode control (FSMC) for a MEMS optical switch. The proposed scheme utilizes a fractional sliding surface to describe dynamic behavior of the system in the sliding mode stage. After a comparison with the classical integer-order counterpart, it is seen that the control system with the proposed sliding surface displays better transient per...

One of the most important challenges in nonlinear, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) and time variant systems (e.g., robot manipulator) is designing a controller with acceptable performance. This paper focused on design a new artificial non linear controller with on line tunable gain applied in the robot manipulator. The sliding mode fuzzy controller (SMFC) was designed as 7 rules Mamdani’s infer...

One of the most important challenges in nonlinear, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) and time variant systems (e.g., robot manipulator) is designing a controller with acceptable performance. This paper focused on design a new artificial non linear controller with on line tunable gain applied in the robot manipulator. The sliding mode fuzzy controller (SMFC) was designed as 7 rules Mamdani’s infer...

A laser interferometry-based technique was developed to locally measure the in-plane components of particle velocity in dynamic experiments. This technique was applied in the experimental investigation of dynamic sliding along the incoherent (frictional) interface of a Homalite–steel bimaterial structure. The bimaterial specimen was subjected to uniform compressive stress and impact-induced she...

Chromatin remodelers are essential for establishing and maintaining the placement of nucleosomes along genomic DNA. Yet how chromatin remodelers recognize and respond to distinct chromatin environments surrounding nucleosomes is poorly understood. Here, we use Lac repressor as a tool to probe how a DNA-bound factor influences action of the Chd1 remodeler. We show that Chd1 preferentially shifts...