The Bolivian Andes flank one of Earth’s major topographic features and dominate sediment input into the Amazon Basin. Millennial-scale erosion rates and dominant controls on erosion patterns in this range are poorly known. To define these patterns, we present 48 erosion rate estimates, derived from analysis of in situ Be in quartz-bearing alluvium collected from the Upper Beni River basin. Eros...

Dispersed oils (i.e., oil droplets) at sea are transported by convection due to waves and buoyancy and by turbulent diffusion. This work follows the common approach in the oil community of using a Lagrangian approach instead of the Eulerian approach. Our focus was on small scale simulation of oil plumes subjected to regular waves. Stokes’ theory was used to obtain analytical expressions for wav...

Spiral wave breakup is a proposed mechanism underlying the transition from ventricular tachycardia to fibrillation. We examined the importance of the restitution of action potential duration (APD) and of conduction velocity (CV) to the stability of spiral wave reentry in a two-dimensional sheet of simulated cardiac tissue. The Luo-Rudy ventricular action potential model was modified to eliminat...

Skidding by means of heavy forestry machinery can affect soil physical properties. We assessed the effects of ground based skidding on soil bulk density and total porosity under the Iranian mountainous forest conditions. Treatments included a combination of four levels of traffic intensity (1, 3, 6, and 15 passes) of a Timberjack 450C rubber skidder and two levels of slope (<20% and >20%). The ...

in forest harvesting, there is an ongoing trend to increase constantly the size, power and load of logging machines. this may cause soil degradation in forest ecosystems as the passes of these machines modify important soil structural characteristics. the present study was conducted to examine impact of skidding traffic, trail slope, traffic frequency, and soil depth on bulk density and soil co...

This study aimed to produce the erosion susceptibility map of Godrahav basin by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. stream basin, located within borders Artvin province in Eastern Black Sea Region, covers an area approximately 5310.12 hectares. In order area, 11 geo-environmental criteria which are effective formation (slope, aspect, profile curvature, drainage density, distance netw...

Purpose. Investigate the carbon stock in forest litter Skolivski Beskydy (Ukrainian Carpathians), taking into account mountainous features of region, and model regional regression equation for calculating based on obtained data. Methods. Field studies by technique Skorodumov. Determination mineral parts bedding was determined dry ashing. Mathematical modeling. Results. The work carried out terr...

The apparent steepness of hills and stairs is overestimated in explicit perception. These overestimations are malleable in that when physiological resources are compromised, apparent steepness is further overestimated. An alternative explanation of these experimental findings attributes them to demand characteristics. This article tests the relationship between estimated steepness and naturally...

cells along the proximodistal (PD) axis concomitantly with remodelling of the pre-existing stump, making the regenerated legs shorter than normal. In contrast, knockdown of the expanded (ex) or Merlin (Mer) transcripts induced over-proliferation of the regenerating cells, making the regenerated legs longer. These results are consistent with those obtained using rdRNAi during intercalary regener...