This article elaborates and extends Sutherland’s [Principles of criminology (4th ed.), Lippincott, Philadelphia, Sutherland (1947)] concept of differential social organization, the sociological counterpart to his social psychological theory of differential association. Differential social organization contains a static structural component, which explains crime rates across groups, as well as a...

Social relationships can have important consequences for fitness in animals. Whilst numerous studies have shown that individuals often join larger groups in response to perceived predation risk (i.e. fear of predation), the importance of predation risk in driving the formation and stability of social relationships within groups has been relatively ignored. We experimentally tested how predation...

The rational model of the interaction, as derived from the individual perspective, has been unable to replicate the emergence of social phenomena. But by focusing on the physics of interaction, the recently developed social quantum uncertainty relations provide a computational model that functions for individual and social decisions. In this model, emotion signals in the interaction bind indivi...

This work explores sources of conflict among forager-horticulturalist women in Amazonian Bolivia, and applies life history theory as a tool for understanding competitive and cooperative social networking behaviors among women. In this study, 121 Tsimane women and girls were interviewed regarding current and past disagreements with others in their community to identify categories of contested re...

How does a state’s ethnic composition affect its propensity to engage in diversionary conflicts? Recent empirical work has examined the political conditions under which domestic unrest compels an embattled leader to initiate conflict abroad. We remain largely uncertain, however, of what social or demographic characteristics make states particularly prone to diversionary behavior. This paper tak...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether social contacts, support, and social strain/conflict are related to executive function and memory abilities in middle-age and older adults. METHODS Longitudinal data on social contacts, support, and strain/conflict were examined in relation to executive function and memory at ages 35-85 years using data from the national Midlife in the U.S. (MIDUS) study. Age-re...

the purpose of this research is to understand the position of conflict resolution in international system. it can be said that, conflict resolution has formed after the second world war in three stages: foundations, constructions, reconstructions. conflict resolution has effective role in recognition of the routs and causes of formation of military conflicts and establishing peace in national, ...

This paper analyzes two proposed models for simulating opinion dynamics in social networks where beliefs might be considered to be competing. In both models agents have a degree of tolerance, which represents the extent to which the agent takes into account the differing beliefs of other agents, and a degree of conflict, which represents the extent to which two beliefs are considered to be comp...

Relationships have both positive and negative dimensions, yet most research in the area of intimate partner violence (IPV) has focused on social support, and not on social conflict. Based on the data from 309 English-speaking Canadian women who experienced IPV in the past 3 years and were no longer living with the abuser, we tested four hypotheses examining the relationships among severity of p...

In modern welfare states, family policies may resolve the tension between employment and care-focused demands. However these policies sometimes have adverse consequences for distinct social groups. This study examined gender and educational differences in working parents' perceived work-family conflict and used a comparative approach to test whether family policies, in particular support for ch...