The Wiener number of a graph G is defined as 1 2 ∑ u,v∈V (G) d(u, v), d the distance function on G. The Wiener number has important applications in chemistry. We determine a formula for the Wiener number of an important graph family, namely, the Mycielskians μ(G) of graphs G. Using this, we show that for k ≥ 1, W (μ(S n)) ≤ W (μ(T k n )) ≤ W (μ(P k n )), where Sn, Tn and Pn denote a star, a gen...

This paper explores a natural decomposition property motivated by Shorrocks (1980, Econometrica 48, 613 625) and Anand (1983, ``Inequality and poverty in Malaysia,'' Oxford University Press) that we call path independent decomposability. Between-group inequality is found by applying the inequality measure to the smoothed distribution, which replaces each income in a subgroup with its representa...

Using a sample of 2090 British father and son pairs the relationships between social and geographical intra- and inter-generational mobility were examined in relation to height, weight and body mass index (BMI). There was much more social mobility than geographical (regional) migration. Social mobility and geographical migration were not independent: socially non-mobile fathers and sons were mo...

This paper projects lifetime Social Security earnings until retirement using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) matched to Social Security records of annual earnings from 1951 through 1993. We first develop, estimate and test gender-specific multiple regression models of ten-year earnings intervals using the matched 1984 SIPP panel. We find strong relationships pred...

This paper projects lifetime Social Security earnings until retirement using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) matched to Social Security records of annual earnings from 1951 through 1993. We first develop, estimate and test gender-specific multiple regression models of ten-year earnings intervals using the matched 1984 SIPP panel. We find strong relationships pred...

It was argued that a statistically significant finding, confirming a direction prediction based on a psychological theory, is usually an insignificant event. Replicability is the real desideratum. Three types of replication were identified and their importance discussed in terms of examples from the literature. [The Science Citation Index® (SC!®) and the Social Sciences Citation Index® (SSCI®) ...

The objective of this research primary describes the trend analysis of international periodicals and literatures which titles as well-known “Social Capital” at SSCI database from 1956 to 2008. The result of this paper inferred that the literature production on social capital has reached highly growth in the last 10 years. The distribution of author productivity does not follow by Lotka’s Law. T...

Discussions of retirement planning and Social Security policy often focus on replacement rates, which represent retirement income or Social Security benefits relative to preretirement earnings. Replacement rates are a rule of thumb designed to simplify the process of smoothing consumption over individuals' lifetimes. Despite their widespread use, however, there is no common means of measuring r...

Current standards in microscopic modeling lack the ability to address certain traffic scenarios, the ability to capture discrete differences in driver behavior that exist between various driving populations, and are structured in such a fashion that various vehicle movements are predicted and modeled separately. In this study, effect of social traffic behavior on rate of traffic violation of ...