Social identity describes the part of an individuals sense of self that is derived from their perceived association with a social group. A key mechanism for social identity driven choice stems from the normative prescriptions associated with the identity. While social identity models have given rise to a rich set of empirical work, up until this point the norms associated with different social ...

Social norms are a widely used concept for explaining human behavior, but there are few studies exploring how we cognitively utilize them. We incorporate here an evolutionary approach to studying social norms, predicting that if norms have been critical to biological fitness, then individuals should have adaptive mechanisms to conform to, and avoid violating, norms. A cognitive bias toward norm...

Social norms are a widely used concept for explaining human behavior, but there are few studies exploring how we cognitively utilize them. We incorporate here an evolutionary approach to studying social norms, predicting that if norms have been critical to biological fitness, then individuals should have adaptive mechanisms to conform to, and avoid violating, norms. A cognitive bias toward norm...

This chapter summarizes two main views on norms and games as emerging in literature on game theory, social science, philosophy and artificial intelligence. The first view originates in the field of mechanism design or implementation theory and characterizes norms as mechanisms enforcing desirable social properties in classes of games. According to the second view, originating from work in the s...

Persistent, widespread harassment in schools can be understood as a product of collective school norms that deem harassment, and behavior allowing harassment to escalate, as typical and even desirable. Thus, one approach to reducing harassment is to change students' perceptions of these collective norms. Theory suggests that the public behavior of highly connected and chronically salient actors...

Persistent, widespread harassment in schools can be understood as a product of collective school norms that deem harassment, and behavior allowing harassment to escalate, as typical and even desirable. Thus, one approach to reducing harassment is to change students’ perceptions of these collective norms. Theory suggests that the public behavior of highly connected and chronically salient actors...

Social norms are one of the mechanisms for decentralized societies to achieve coordination amongst individuals. Such norms are conflict resolution strategies that develop from the population interactions instead of a centralized entity dictating agent protocol. One of the most important characteristics of social norms is that they are imposed by the members of the society, and they are responsi...

For more than a century, Homo economicus has exclusively populated the theoretical world of economics. This model of the rationally selfinterested actor has also come to dominate substantial subfields of political science, sociology, law, and philosophy. However, many theorists doubt whether this model can explain most social phenomena unless it is supplemented with more socially sophisticated ...

Designing incentive schemes for Peer-to-Peer (P2P) multimedia sharing applications, where the participating peers find it in their self-interest to contribute resources rather than to “free-ride”, is challenging due to the unique features exhibited by such networks: large populations of anonymous peers interacting infrequently, asymmetric interests of peers, network errors, multiple concurrent ...