Statistical inference using machine learning techniques may be difficult with small datasets because of abnormally frequent data (AFDs). AFDs are observations that are much more frequent in the training sample that they should be, with respect to their theoretical probability, and include e.g. outliers. Estimates of parameters tend to be biased towards models which support such data. This paper...

As the volume of advanced composites components for aircraft applications continues to rise and primary structures are increasingly made from advanced composites it is necessary to review the quality of the materials, processes and design practices that are used to generate those composite structures. As production rates are expected to expand very markedly the quality target must be zero defec...

An important issue of recent neuroscientific research is to understand the functional role of the phasic release of dopamine in the striatum, and in particular its relation to reinforcement learning. The literature is split between two alternative hypotheses: one considers phasic dopamine as a reward prediction error similar to the computational TD-error, whose function is to guide an animal to...

In the last few years, an increase in interest has been given to the use of cellulose fibers as alternatives for conventional reinforcements in composites. The development of commercially viable environmentally friendly and healthy materials based on natural resources is on the rise. In this sense, cellulosic fibers as reinforcements for cement mortar composites constitute a very interesting op...

One of the applications of nanomaterials is as reinforcements in composites, wherein small additions of nanomaterials lead to large enhancements in mechanical properties. There have been extensive studies in the literature on composites where a polymer matrix is reinforced by a single nanomaterial such as carbon nanotubes. In this article, we examine the significant synergistic effects observed...

Stability of reinforced slopes is almost always carried out using limit equilibrium methods and controlled by the shear strengths of the slope materials and the extension force of reinforcements. According to limit equilibrium methods, the stability of slopes is assessed by dividing the whole failure wedge into several vertical elements. In order to determine the safety factor of the reinforce...

Stability of reinforced slopes is almost always carried out using limit equilibrium methods and controlled by the shear strengths of the slope materials and the extension force of reinforcements. According to limit equilibrium methods, the stability of slopes is assessed by dividing the whole failure wedge into several vertical elements. In order to determine the safety&#10factor of the reinfor...

Basalt continuous fibers are regarded as an inert and naturally occurring material that is produced from basalt rock by using single component raw material and drawing and winding fibers from the melt. Basalt based materials are environmentally friendly and nonhazardous. Basalt FRP (BFRP) composites as a reinforcement not only display a higher strength and modulus, but also a similar cost, and ...

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