A modified Newton-Raphson method for solving finite difference equations for the renal counterflow system is described. The method has proved generally stable and efficient, and has given significant computational results for a variety of models: calculations on single solute models of the coupled vasa recta nephron counterflow system have shown that for large water and solute permeabilities of...

A mathematical model of an absorbing leaky epithelium is developed for analysis of solute coupled water transport. The non-charged driving solute diffuses into cells and is pumped from cells into the lateral intercellular space (lis). All membranes contain water channels with the solute passing those of tight junction and interspace basement membrane by convection-diffusion. With solute permeab...

We have used equilibrium and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to study the solute self-diffusion coefficient and the shear rate dependence of the solution viscosity in solutions of model nanocolloidal particles that range in mass ratio from mu=1 up to mu=50 and size ratio from s=1 up to s=4.03 at various concentrations. The zero shear rate viscosities and the initial rates of shear...

BACKGROUND Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) with high small solute peritoneal membrane transport have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. The membrane transport is currently assessed by peritoneal equilibration test (PET), usually performed after the first month of PD because of the early increase of membrane transport after the start of PD. The aim of this study was the assessmen...

We propose a conceptual model for progressive freeze concentration, which predicts solute loss through inclusion in the ice based on system's phase behaviour as illustrated state diagram. compare outcomes of sodium chloride, sucrose, and bovine serum albumin (BSA). For growth rates order 10−2 μm/s there was no chloride or but above this range, local super-cooling gives rise to freezing zone. In...

BACKGROUND.: Dialysis bath production, at least in Europe, is currently based on pre-produced aqueous solutions of dialysis salts (concentrate), which are re-handled by dialysis machines to deliver the final dialysate concentrations. Because of the logistics of aqueous solution creation, a large amount of transportation capacity is needed. Therefore, we changed this process to use pre-produced ...

Among tubers, Amorphophallus companulatus known as elephant foot yam is a highly potential tropical tuber crop containing a good amount of protein as well as starch, fiber, minerals and vitamins. Fresh yams are perishable in nature and deteriorate in quality on storage. The shelf life of Elephant foot yam can be increased if processed properly. The quality of the dehydrated product can be enhan...