Objective This research was designed to induce an experimental varicocele model by a simple surgery in dog with minimum invasion and to investigate the expression of many genes (HSP90, HSP70, IL-4, TNF, KITLG and KIT receptor) involved in the varicocele-induced infertility. MaterialsAndMethods In this completely randomized design study, 6 adult dogs were used for this experiment. In one testis ...

background: aberrant methylation of cytosine-guanine dinucleotide islands leads to inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in breast cancer. tumor suppressor genes are unmethylated in normal tissue and often become hypermethylated during tumor formation, leading to gene silencing. we investigated the association between e-cadherin ( cdh1) and estrogen receptor-α (esrα) gene promoter methylation ...

introduction: estradiol is a neuroactive steroid, which is found in several brain areas such as locus coeruleus (lc). estradiol modulates nociception by binding to its receptors and also by allosteric interaction with other membranebound receptors like glutamate and gabaa receptors. lc is involved in noradrenergic descending pain modulation. methods: in order to study the effect of 17β-estradio...

BACKGROUND Based on the increasing body of evidence that adults with human growth hormone (hGH) deficiency exhibit signs of impaired health, many countries have approved the use of hGH (somatotropin) as a replacement therapy in deficient adults. The results and efficacy of hGH therapy are strikingly consistent. Untreated hGH deficient adults are shown to have increased cardiovascular mortality,...

The brain somatostatin (somatotropin release-inhibiting factor; SRIF) receptor was purified by affinity chromatographic techniques. A protein of 60 kDa could be purified from rat brain. The protein was eluted from a [D-Trp8]SRIF affinity column with either sodium acetate (pH 5.5) or free [D-Trp8]SRIF. The binding of the protein to the affinity column was prevented by free [D-Trp8]SRIF or the st...

The isolation of growth hormone (somatotropin) from human, monkey, and whale pituitary glands has recently been reported (l-3). Preliminary studies on the hormone proteins from these species have suggested that phenylalanine is their sole N-terminal amino acid residue (l-3), in contrast to the two N-terminal residues, alanine and phenylalanine, which have been reported for the bovine somatotrop...

Recombinant DNA technology has provided a mechanism for large scale production of somatotropin (growth hormone). There is no question that exogenous administration of somatotropin (ST) to pigs significantly improves efficiency of growth and carcass composition. Microinjecting foreign DNA into the pronucleus of fertilized ova is the predominant method employed to produce transgenic animals. The ...