Although TEX [3] was designed according to the conventions of English and Western languages, it is also able to handle passages of Arabic script [4]. Systems such as ArabTEX, by K. Lagally [5], and Ω, by Y. Haralambous and J. Plaice [2], allow generating documents with passages in Arabic or some other language using the Arabic script. Even though many Arabic mathematical texts present mathemati...

Steganography is the ability to hide secret information in a cover-media such as sound, pictures and text. A new approach is proposed to hide a secret into Arabic text cover media using "Kashida", an Arabic extension character. The proposed approach is an attempt to maximize the use of "Kashida" to hide more information in Arabic text cover-media. To approach this, some algorithms have been des...

Arabic character recognition of handwriting is addressed. A novel approach for the Arabic Character Recognition is presented based on statistical analysis of a typical Arabic text is presented. Results showed that the sub-word in Arabic language is the basic pictorial block rather than the word. The method of approximate stroke sequence is applied for the recognition of some Arabic characters i...

OBJECTIVE To test the reliability and validity of a modified and translated version of the original Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) on patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHOD A cohort of 184 RA patients from different Arabic countries (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Bahrain, Kuwait and Morocco) were recruited and asked to participate in the study. Two questions had been chan...

BACKGROUND With the adoption of the English language in medical education, a gap in clinical communication may develop in countries where the native language is different from the language of medical education. This study investigates the association between medical education in a foreign language and students' confidence in their history-taking skills in their native language. METHODS This c...

The University of Massachusetts took on the TREC10 cross-language track with no prior experience with Arabic, and no Arabic speakers among any of our researchers or students. We intended to implement some standard approaches, and to extend a language modeling approach to handle co-occurrences. Given the lack of resources – training data, electronic bilingual dictionaries, and stemmers, and our ...

Speakers of widespread languages may encounter problems in information retrieval and document understanding when they access documents in the same language from another country. The work described here focuses on the development of resources to support improved document retrieval and understanding by users of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). The lexicon of an Egyptian Arabic speaker and the lexico...

PURPOSE The study aimed to validate the Arabic version of the Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT) by (1) assessing its factor structure, (2) determining structural validity, (3) evaluating item-total and inter-item correlation, and (4) assessing its predictive validity. METHOD The study population included 169 prison inmates, 51 patients with clinical diagnosis of substance used di...

Arabic script-based languages do not belong to a single language family, and therefore exhibit different linguistic properties. To name just a few: Arabic is primarily a VSO language whereas Farsi is an SVO and Urdu is an SOV language. Both Farsi and Urdu have light verbs whereas Arabic does not. Urdu and Arabic have grammatical gender while Farsi does not. There are, however, linguistic and no...

In the Arabic-English and English-Arabic translation activities, the interface is very significant. For translation in the Arabic language, many issues need to be addressed. The existing systems have some problems and research has been initiated to improve. Transliteration is an important component of the translation. We in this study propose a system of interface for Arabic transliteration. Th...