evidence supports the involvement of nitric oxide (no) in a varity of male reproductive processes such as spermatogenesis, spermiogenesis, sperm motion, sperm metabolism and sperm capacitation. however, low concentration of no is essential in biology and physiology of spermatozoa, but high amounts of no is toxic and has negative effects on sperm functions. on the other hand, it is established t...

landscape fragmentation has threatened the landscape continuity of ray which was maintainedfrom prehistoric times until recent decades. from 19th century that tehran sprawl growth affected ray’slandscape as a satellite city of tehran, ray experienced rapid landscape fragmentation and underwent manychanges. in order to cope with the threat, the process of changes from landscape fragmentation sho...

Integrity monitoring and reliable detection of the ionospheric spatial gradient is of importance for various fields including total electron content modeling, radio communication and radar, and differential GNSS applications such as landing, departure and surface operations at an airport. In this contribution, we investigate the precision and the integrity of the ionospheric spatial gradient es...

Spatial join is the most expensive operation in geographic databases, but essentially important to compute spatial relationships intrinsic to geographic data. In account of spatial relationships real world entities may affect the behavior of other entities in the neighborhood. Spatial relationships are fundamental for knowledge discovery in geographic databases and are strongly related to the d...

the astonishing advance of medical science in recent decades has had endless advantages for humans, including improved level of health, prevention of disease and advances in treatment. these advances depend to a great extent on conducting continuous research. however, besides its enormous advantages, the sole interest of medical science undermines the principles of respect for human vulnerabili...

the aim of this investigation was to assess the effect of different antioxidants on the motility andmembrane integrity of the ram semen during storage at 5ºc for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after collection anddilution. a total of 57 ejaculates from 12 bakhtiary rams was collected by artificial vagina and were extended1 : 3 with egg yolk-citrate buffer, which was containing one of the following an...