OBJECTIVE Positive surgical margin after radical prostatectomy has been shown to be an independent predictive factor for biochemical and local recurrence in patients with prostate cancer. The present study was undertaken to identify predictive factors for positive surgical margin after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in Japanese patients. METHODS Between August 2006 and September 2011, a...

UNLABELLED WHAT'S KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT? AND WHAT DOES THE STUDY ADD?: The recently published Prostate Cancer Intervention versus Observation Trial (PIVOT) did not identify differences in prostate cancer-specific mortality or all-cause mortality among patients with low-risk disease managed conservatively vs those managed definitively; however, recently published data suggest that older men may h...

BACKGROUND In the AFFIRM trial, enzalutamide significantly increased overall survival (OS) for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after chemotherapy versus placebo and significantly decreased prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The goal of this post hoc analysis was to associate levels of PSA decline from baseline after enzalutamide with clinical outcomes in th...

the identification of natural hazard prone areas for future planning requires an efficient decision support tool to provide the appropriate weights for the various topographical, geological, and seismological factors responsible for the expected hazards. in the present study, an analytical hierarchy process (ahp) with six earthquake hazard parameters (ehps) was used as a decision support system...

BACKGROUND In studies of all-cause mortality, the fundamental epidemiological concepts of rate and risk are connected through a well-defined one-to-one relation. An important consequence of this relation is that regression models such as the proportional hazards model that are defined through the hazard (the rate) immediately dictate how the covariates relate to the survival function (the risk)...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic circulating vitamin D concentration and the subsequent risk of overall and site specific cancer in a large cohort study. DESIGN Nested case-cohort study within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study cohort. SETTING Nine public health centre areas across Japan. PARTICIPANTS 3301 incident cases of cancer and 4044 r...

BACKGROUND The ideal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) doubling time (PSADT) threshold for identifying patients at high-risk for poor clinical outcome following salvage radiation therapy (SRT) has not been well established. We sought to assess what PSADT threshold is most clinically prognostic in this setting. METHODS 575 patients who received SRT at a single institution for biochemical recurre...

Introduction: There are natural and artificial radioactive nuclei in our environment, as well as in the structure of the living organism. Currently, industrial and municipal pollution has also an impact on increasing the level of radiation. The present study investigated the effect of inlet water from Arak Wastewater Treatment Plant on international Meighan Wetland and...

A popular Bayesian nonparametric approach to survival analysis consists in modeling hazard rates as kernel mixtures driven by a completely random measure. In this paper we derive asymptotic results for linear and quadratic functionals of such random hazard rates. In particular, we prove central limit theorems for the cumulative hazard function and for the path–second moment and path–variance of...

Introduction The International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods (ICMSF) has proposed a preventative scheme for managing microbial risks in foods that introduces the important new concept of a food safety objective (FSO). The FSO concept translates public health risk into a definable goal: a specified maximum frequency and/or concentration of a [microbiological] hazard in a...