PURPOSE To assess the sensitivity and specificity of predicting refractive error type using information from a four-item questionnaire on the purpose of spectacle use and age at first use. METHODS The Sydney Myopia Study examined 1,740 year 1 (78.9% response) and 2,353 year 7 students (75.3% response) from a random cluster sample of 34 primary and 21 secondary schools across Sydney. Parents o...

PURPOSE To demonstrate the use of the Quality of Life Impact of Refractive Correction (QIRC) questionnaire for comparing the quality of life of pre-presbyopic individuals with refractive correction by spectacles, contact lenses, or refractive surgery. METHODS The 20-item QIRC questionnaire was administered to 104 spectacle wearers, 104 contact lens wearers, and 104 individuals who had undergo...

Recently, a wealth of epigenomic data has been generated by biochemical assays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. In particular, histone modification data generated by the ENCODE project and other large-scale projects show specific patterns associated with regulatory elements in the human genome. It is important to build a unified statistical model to decipher the patterns of mu...

PURPOSE To assess quantitatively corneal irregular astigmatism in association with best spectacle-corrected visual acuity. METHODS Refractive powers on a mire ring measured with computerized videokeratography were decomposed, using the Fourier series harmonic analysis. Extracting spherical and regular astigmatic components, the remaining irregular astigmatic component was quantified on rings ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the visual outcome, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction after implantation of two Acrysof ReSTOR (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX) intraocular lenses (IOLs) with different addition power or their combination in both eyes. METHODS One hundred twenty eyes of 60 patients with bilateral multifocal IOL implantation were divided into three groups of 20 cons...

OBJECTIVE To find a simple means for calculating eye-camera magnification to permit estimation of true retinal object size from a retinal photograph. METHODS The position of the focusing knob on 3 different retinal cameras (TRC-50F and TRC-50X; Topcon America Corp, Paramus, NJ; and the CR6-45NM Non-mydriatic Retinal Camera; Canon Inc, Tokyo, Japan) was measured during optic nerve photography ...

Spectacle-mounted telescopic systems are prescribed for individuals with visual impairments. Bioptic telescopes are typically mounted toward the top of the spectacle lens (or above the frame) with the telescope eyepiece positioned above the wearer’s pupil. This allows the wearer to use up and down head tilt movements to quickly alternate between the unmagnified wide view (through the carrier le...