Upon illumination, a dark-adapted photosynthetic sample shows time-dependent changes in chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence yield, known as the Kautsky phenomenon or the OIDPS transient. Based on the differential effects of electron acceptors such as 2,5-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone (DMQ) and 2,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone (DCBQ) on Chl a fluorescence transients of spinach thylakoids, we suggest that the ...

Trypsin digestion of photosynthetic membranes isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) leaves eliminates the cation stimulation of chlorophyll fluorescence. High concentrations of cations protect the fluorescence yield against trypsin digestion, and the cation specificity for this protection closely resembles that required for the stimulation of fluorescence by cations. Trypsin digestion re...

The effect of fermented spinach extracts on color development in cured meats was investigated in this study. The pH values of raw cured meats without addition of fermented spinach extract or nitrite (negative control) were higher (p<0.05) than those added with fermented spinach extract. The pH values of raw and cooked cured meats in treatment groups were decreased with increasing addition level...

Z. Naturforsch. 43c, 269-274 (1988); received December 7, 1987 Chlorophyll Fluorescence, S02 , Spinach, Intact Leaves, Calvin Cycle The effects of short-time fumigation (0-60 min) of intact spinach leaves with S02 (2 ppm) on the photosynthetic apparatus were investigated. A rather high S02 concentration was applied to monitor immediate effects on the fluorescence behaviour with the influence of...

Plant growth- promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), is a consortium of such bacteria which colonizes the roots plants and show beneficial effects on growth yield plant. Pseudomonas found to be most potent PGPR, occurring globally having positive effect productivity This review unravels several species enhance spinach can used as biofertilizer. Certain have been discovered in absence any chemical fert...

Aquaponics is a promising cultivation technique for combined production of crops and fish, on the condition tackling certain nutrients deficiencies. The aim present study was to examine limitations imposed by system spinach (Spinacia oleracea) growth functional performance identify minimum nutrient supplementation their optimization. Spinach co-cultivated with red tilapia under three treatments...

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is a member of the Caryophyllales family, basal eudicot asterid that consists sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. subsp. vulgaris), quinoa (Chenopodium Willd.), and amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.). With introduction baby leaf types, spinach has become staple food in many homes. Production issues focus on yield, nitrogen-use efficiency resistance to downy mildew ...

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., 2n = 2x = 12) is an economically important vegetable crop worldwide and one of the healthiest vegetables due to its high concentrations of nutrients and minerals. The objective of this research was to conduct genetic diversity and population structure analysis of a collection of world-wide spinach genotypes using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers. Gen...

Rubisco activase is an AAA(+) protein, a superfamily with members that use a "Sensor 2" domain for substrate recognition. To determine whether the analogous domain of activase is involved in recognition of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco, EC 4.1.1.39), two chimeric activases were constructed, interchanging a Sensor 2-containing region between activases from spinach and ...