Numerical accuracy, numerical stability and calculation time are all important factors in the computational fluid dynamics. In this study, we compare two solution algorithms, the Simplified Marker and Cell (SMAC) method in the MAC-type methods and the Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equation (SIMPLE) algorithm in the SIMPLE-type algorithms, with respect to flow around a square cylinder...

A vortex boundary element method is developed for the grid-free simulation of time-dependent , incompressible, viscous ow in three-dimensional conngurations. The numerical scheme is based on a combination of the Lagrangian vortex method to capture the convection and stretch of the vortical eld, the random walk method to describe the diiusion process, and the boundary element method to impose th...

INTRODUCTION In scuba-diving practice, instantaneous gas consumption is generally calculated from the fall in cylinder pressure without considering the effects of water temperature (heat transfer) and adiabatic processes. We aimed to develop a simple but precise method for calculating the instantaneous gas consumption during a dive. METHODS With gas thermodynamics and water/gas heat transfer,...

An experimental apparatus designed to study firefighter safety equipment exposed to a thermal environment was developed. The apparatus consisted of an elevated temperature flow loop with the ability to heat the air stream up to 200°C. The thermal and flow conditions at the test section were characterized using thermocouples and bi-directional probes. The safety equipment examined in this study ...

The paper deals with polynomial interpolation, least-square approximation and cubature of functions defined on the rectangular cylinder, K = D × [−1, 1], with D the unit disk. The nodes used for these processes are the Approximate Fekete Points (AFP) and the Discrete Leja Points (DLP) extracted from suitable Weakly Admissible Meshes (WAMs) of the cylinder. ¿From the analysis of the growth of th...

Flow and flow-induced vibration of a square array of cylinders are investigated by two-dimensional numerical simulations. Flow past 36 cylinders in an inline arranged square array and 33 cylinders in a staggered arranged square array is firstly simulated, for Re=100 and the spacing ratios of L/D=1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5. Only one vortex street is observed in the wake of the cylinder array when the spaci...

Calculation of electromagnetic (EM) scattering from vibrating penetrable cylinders of arbitrary cross-section is presented using a general class of time-varying sheet boundary conditions (SBCs) in conjunction with the method of moments (MoM). Sheet impedance and admittance expressions are first derived from the exact scattering solution for a penetrable circular cylinder with perturbed radius. ...

Utilization of symmetric condition in NASIR Galerkin Finite Volume Method for linear triangular element unstructured meshes is introduced for numerical solution of two dimensional strain and stress fields in a long thick cylinder section. The developed shape function free Galerkin Finite Volume structural solver explicitly computes stresses and displacements in Cartesian coordinate directions f...

We use numerical methods to study two-dimensional flow passing a square cylinder at low Reynolds numbers, and observe period-1 and -3 vortices behind the cylinder at the same Reynolds number Re. When Re increases from a small number to a critical value Re(c) approximately equal to 320, the system could change from bistability, which maintains the spatial symmetry, to tristability, which breaks ...