The goal of this study was to develop a hybrid mental speller that can effectively prevent unexpected typing errors in the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based mental speller by simultaneously using the information of eye-gaze direction detected by a low-cost webcam without calibration. In the implemented hybrid mental speller, a character corresponding to the strongest SSVEP resp...

An open question in research nowadays is the usability of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) conceived to extend human capabilities of interaction within a virtual environment. Several paradigms are used for BCI but the Steady-State Visual-Evoked Potential (SSVEP) stands out as it provides a higher information transfer rate while requiring less training. It is an electroencephalographic response d...

Modulation of electroencephalogram (EEG) can be applied to express one’s intent to others without language and body motion; brain machine interfaces (BMIs) using EEG are expected to one of the communication means between disabled with severe motor disability such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and caretakers. There have been various BMIs developed using event-related potentials such ...

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) allow users to control applications by brain activity. Among their possible applications for non-disabled people, games are promising candidates. BCIs can enrich game play by the mental and affective state information they contain. During the eNTERFACE’09 workshop we developed the Bacteria Hunt game which can be played by keyboard and BCI, using SSVEP and relati...

Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system authorizes to controlling and communicates individual peoples with neuromuscular destruction; utilized the brain signals whenever intend to visual stimuli panel. A multi-color stimuli based on Steady-state evoked potential (SSVEP) exiting a pragmatic continuous brain responses. In this experimental study involve the ability of visual stimuli based SSVEP to ...

High-arousing emotional stimuli facilitate early visual cortex, thereby acting as strong competitors for processing resources in visual cortex. The present study used an electrophysiological approach for continuously measuring the time course of competition for processing resources in the visual pathway arising from emotionally salient but task-irrelevant input while performing a foreground tar...

Visual attention enables observers to extract and process high-priority information in the visualfield. Controversy remains as to whether or not observers can ignore information that falls within the spatial beam of attention. We used an objective physiological measure, the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), to investigate this question. A stream of flickering small, uppercase letter...

The usually ‘accepted’ limits of Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials are in the 3-60 Hz range. Recent studies reported SSVEP activities below 3 Hz, which remains a matter of debate. We recorded EEG responses to stimuli from 0.5 to 13 Hz. We first confirm the possibility to elicit SSVEP below 3 Hz. Afterwards, for the first time, we show that SSVEP recorded in the δ (0.5-5 Hz) range seem to de...