The relative contribution of yolk sac (YS)-derived cells to the circulating definitive hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) pool that seeds the fetal liver remains controversial due to the presence of systemic circulation and the onset of hematopoiesis within the embryo proper (EP) before liver seeding. Ncx1-/- embryos fail to initiate a heartbeat on embryonic day (E) 8.25, but continue to devel...

We consider decidability problems in self-similar semigroups, and in particular in semigroups of automatic transformations of X. We describe algorithms answering the word problem, and bound its complexity under some additional assumptions. We give a partial algorithm that decides in a group generated by an automaton, given x, y, whether an Engel identity (r ̈ ̈ ̈ rrx, ys, ys, . . . , ys “ 1 for ...

In the present study, we examined the composition, amount, and uptake of yolk nutrients [fat, protein, water, and carbohydrates (COH)] during incubation of eggs from 30- and 50-wk-old broiler breeder hens. Eggs were sampled at embryonic d 0 (fresh eggs), 13, 15, 17, 19, and 21 (hatch). Egg, embryo, yolk content, and yolk sac membrane were weighed, and the yolk sac (YS; i.e., yolk content + yolk...

The metabolism of deoxycytidine (dCyd) and dCyd nucleotides in Yoshida ascites sarcoma (YS) cells and the host rat liver was investigated with reference to the increased excretion of urinary dCyd. Incorporation of [14C]orotic acid into the livers of rats at the fifth day after the transplantation of YS cells, the time when the amount of excretion of dCyd in urine was near maximal, was 2 times h...

in order to determine yield stability and evaluation of genotype × environment interaction, 20 spring bread wheat promising lines and varieties were studied in a randomized complete block design with three replications in four warm and dry stations (ahwaz, dezful, darab, & khorramabad) during 2002-2004. chamran cultivar was a check in two years trial. the results revealed that the grain yield o...

Aim and objectives: To determine the impact on mechanical properties surface features of ceramic-coated nickel-titanium (CC-Ni-Ti) archwires when subjected to charcoal, probiotic, chlorhexidine mouthwashes in vitro conditions. Materials methods: Eighty samples 25 mm were cut from posterior end preformed maxillary 0.016’’ CC-Ni-Ti super elastic (Koden Company, USA) distributed into four equal gr...