The extracellular matrix protein vitronectin and its mRNA are present in the embryonic chick notochord, floor plate and in the ventral neural tube at the time position of motor neuron generation. When added to cultures of neural tube explants of developmental stage 9, vitronectin promotes the generation of motor neurons in the absence of either notochord or exogenously added Sonic hedgehog. Con...

Specification of the myogenic phenotype in somites was examined in the early chick embryo using organotypic explant cultures stained with monoclonal antibodies to myosin heavy chain. It was found that myogenic specification (formation of muscle fibers in explants of somites or segmental plates cultured alone) does not occur until Hamburger and Hamilton stage 11 (12-14 somites). At this stage, o...

primary fallopian tube carcinoma is a rare tumor that histologically and clinically resembles epithelial ovarian cancer. here we introduce a case of tubal carcinoma in a postmenopausal woman. the diagnosis of primary fallopian tube carcinoma is rarely considered preoperatively and is usually first appreciated by the pathologist. because of low frequency of tubal carcinoma, there are few systemi...

Background: Approach to treat empyema following pulmonary infection, especially in the second stage, is disputed. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the effect of simple tube thoracostomy versus surgical debridement in complicated parapneumonic empyema management. Methods: This prospective randomized trial was conducted in Thoracic Surgery Department of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tabriz ...

A target changeable palm-top size x-ray tube was realized using pyroelectric crystal and detachable vacuum flanges. The target metals can be exchanged easily by attaching them on the brass stage with carbon tape. When silver and titanium palates (area: 10 mm(2)) were used as targets, silver Lα and titanium K lines were clearly observed by bombarding electrons on the targets for 90 s. The intens...