Unpoisoned sartorius muscles of Rana temporaria were stimulated tetanically in isometric contractions lasting up to 20 s at 0 degrees C. The observed enthalpy (heat + work) production and the chemical changes in these contractions were measured, and a comparison was made between the observed enthalpy and the enthalpy that could be explained by the chemical changes. Like earlier workers, we foun...

Dyeing properties of compounded polyethylene terephthalate fibers with a polyesteramide hyperbranched polymer were investigated in terms of their thermodynamic parameters, including standard affinity -Δμ⁰, enthalpy change ΔH⁰ and entropy change ΔS⁰. Results were then compared with corresponding properties of the virgin PET. The results showed that the isotherms were similar to that of virgin PE...

Recent work has sought to extract the asymmetry energy at very low density from observables in heavyion collisions. The logic employed starts from the assumption that the fragment yields are determined by a minimization of the Helmholtz free energy. As volume is in reality unconstrained, nor can a single freeze-out volume be expected, the physical relevance of the Helmholtz free energy must be ...

Dipole Moments, Diazoketones, Thermodynamic, Dielectric Measurements The electric dipole moments of acetyldiazomethane (MeCOCHN2) and 1-acetyl-1-diazoethane (MeCOCMeN2) between 10 and 70 °C have been measured. Using appropriate group and bond moments, the concentrations of the two rotamers present in each have been calculated and, hence, the equilibrium constant for the cis trans equilibrium at...

13 The sublimation enthalpy of cubane, a key reference material for force field and quantum mechanical computations, was measured by combining the vaporization enthalpy at T = 298.15 K to the sum of the fusion enthalpy measured at T = 405 K and a solid–solid phase transition that occurs at T = 394 K. The fusion and solid–solid phase transitions were measured previously. A sublimation enthalpy v...

Many important industrial separation processes based on adsorption operate close to saturation. In this regime, the underlying adsorption processes are mostly driven by entropic forces. At equilibrium, the entropy of adsorption is closely related to the enthalpy of adsorption. Thus, studying the behavior of the enthalpy of adsorption as a function of loading is fundamental to understanding sepa...

Ion association of the ionic liquid [bmim][Cl] in acetonitrile and in water was studied by dielectric spectroscopy for salt concentrations c ≤ 1.3 M at 298.15 K and by measurement of molar electrical conductivities, Λ, of dilute solutions (c ≤ 0.006 M) in the temperature range 273.15 ≲ T/K ≤ 313.15. Whilst acetonitrile solutions of [bmim][Cl] exhibit moderate ion pairing, with an association co...

The enthalpy changes for phosphorylating and nonphosphorylating mitochondrial oxidation of succinate by ferricyanide were studied by heatburst microcalorimetry. The enthalpy change observed with a nonphosphorylating system involving sonically disrupted mitochondria agreed with the calculated enthalpy change. The enthalpy changes for phosphorylating and uncoupled systems involving intact mitocho...