Four goats (20 (SD 2.5) kg) fitted with ruminal, duodenal and ileal cannulae were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to estimate the effects of a dietary starch source on the duodenal and ileal flows of endogenous N (EN) and endogenous amino acids (EAA) in growing goats. Goats were fed total mixed rations containing four starch sources (mainly from maize (MR), wheat (WR), paddy (PR) and sorghu...

In the present era of diverging pharmaceuticals upcoming in the market, those from that of natural origin are gaining increasing importance. In this context, starch when obtained from natural source has high orientation to be used as pharmaceutical excipient. Among the natural sources, in the present review we have discussed about Metroxylon sagu i.e. sago starch as a potential source to be use...

Weaned piglets commonly suffer from gastroenteritis caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88. Our aim was to produce E. coli strains that inhibited the growth of E. coli K88 and could be used as a probiotic against postweaning diarrhea. The inclusion criteria for the probiotics were that in addition to being able to inhibit E. coli K88, they also needed to be negative for virulence genes ...

Eight Aspergillus niger strains which produced strong starch degrading amylase were isolated from the soil using a medium containing Remazol Brilliant Blue (RBB) starch as substrate. Amylase production was detected by the disappearance of the blue colour around the colony. Among the isolates, A. niger AM07 produced the largest clear zone (7.0mm) on Remazol Brilliant Blue (RBB) agar plate and al...

We tested whether carbohydrate source (corn starch, sucrose, Polycose) influences the choice between a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet in spontaneously feeding rats and in rats stimulated to eat by neuropeptide Y (NPY) administration or food deprivation. Rats were tested under three diet options: 1) a high-fat diet versus a high-corn starch diet; 2) a high-fat diet versus a high-sucrose die...

Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.; Marantaceae) is an excellent source of starch (>85%) used in the food industry. The multiplication of this plant is traditionally from rhizomes, which are also a source of starch. In vitro M. arundinacea shoot cultures were successfully established from rhizome buds on semi-solid MS medium supplemented with 3 mg.l 6-benzylaminopurine in the dark, which was als...

The effect of recrystallization temperature on the lamellar structure of RSIII samples was studied using XRD and SAXS. The polymorph type could be manipulated in a controlled manner, independently of the plant source. In RSIII from corn starch and from high-amylose corn starch, retrogradation at a low temperature led to the formation of polymorph B with lamellas arranged in long-range periodici...

Pullulan is a natural exopolysaccharide with many useful characteristics. However, pullulan is more costly than other exopolysaccharides, which limits its effective application. The purpose of this study was to adopt a novel mixed-sugar strategy for maximizing pullulan production, mainly using potato starch hydrolysate as a low-cost substrate for liquid-state fermentation by Aureobasidium pullu...

Evidence is presented for the increased excretion of amylolytic enzymes into a sugarcane cell culture medium when starch was substituted for sucrose as an energy source. The excretion was further enhanced by the inclusion of 1 mum gibberellic acid in the nutrient medium. The growth rate of the cells increased after they became adapted to starch relative to cells grown on sucrose, but the rate o...

Starch is a major energy source for all domains of life. Recent advances in structures of starch-degrading enzymes encompass the substrate complex of starch debranching enzyme, the function of surface binding sites in plant isoamylase, details on individual steps in the mechanism of plant disproportionating enzyme and a self-stabilised conformation of amylose accommodated in the active site of ...