Quantitative estimation of neuronal numbers in the human substantia nigra (SN) can be achieved by a conventional single section (SS) count or by the more modern stereological disector (DS) count. However, counting results from SS counts are potentially biased and might not accurately reflect the total neuronal number in the SN or the changes in the total number of neurons occurring during aging...

Angiogenesis (AG) is necessary for cancer progression. In some cases the intensity of AG may affect the prognosis. The aim of the study was to compare the results of vessel density assessment using the stereological method and immunohistochemical reactions for three endothelial markers: CD31, CD34 and vWf. The material consisted of 40 gastric carcinoma cases. The specimens were processed and th...

The advent of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the 1950s represented a fundamental step in the study of neuronal circuits. The application of this technique soon led to the realization that the number of synapses changes during the course of normal life, as well as under certain pathological or experimental circumstances. Since then, one of the main goals in neurosciences has been to d...

objective(s):the hippocampus has been implicated in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. prenatal stress is a contributing risk factor for a wide variety of neuropsychiatric diseases including schizophrenia. this study examined long-term effects of prenatal restraint stress on the stereological parameters in the cornu ammonis (ca) of adult male rats as an animal model of schizophrenia. materials a...

background wound healing is a dynamic process with inflammatory response and oxidative reaction in the damaged area. alpha ointment (ao) and arnebia euchroma (arnebia) are herbal medicines with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that can be used as wound healing agents. ao is a commonly used ointment while arnebia is a newly introduced one. objectives we aimed to compare the effects of a...