in suhrawardi philosophy – like any philosophy which seeks to explain the general facts of being – the issuance of plurality is an important element in the cosmology and defers with mashsha basis in this regard. the issuance of plurality contains several stages in suhrawardi's main works: agreement with mashsha’ on the emanation of the first caused, criticizing them for the issuance of und...

Sec.A1473.004.AACONTENTS OF ORDER AUTHORIZING BONDS. (a) The order of the commissioners court authorizing the issuance of bonds under this subchapter may provide for the flow of funds and the establishment and maintenance of an interest and sinking fund, a reserve fund, or another fund. (b)AAThe order may: (1)AAprohibit the issuance of additional bonds or other obligations payable from the pled...

I derive the optimal timing strategy for an investor taking tax gains and losses on tax-exempt bonds (up to a 7% gain over buy-and-hold). I then derive the issuer’s optimal coupon rate, which maximizes the tax benefit for a tax-timing investor (up to a 3.5% gain over issuing at par, potentially more than the cost of issuance itself). All these gains are transfers from the U.S. Treasury to local...

Based on the background of pilot implementation registration system in Shanghai Stock Exchange, this paper studies impact social experience sponsor representatives IPO performance, to explore whether with rich can better play their information production and certification intermediary functions securities issuance market, thereby improving performance. The research finds that: has a more effect...

We use forward-looking and exogenous measures of output price uncertainty to examine the effect of price uncertainty on firm-level capital investment, risk management, and debt issuance. The effects of uncertainty vary significantly by firm size. When faced with high price uncertainty, large firms increase their hedging intensity but do not lower capital investment or debt issuance. In contrast...

This paper brings into focus a link between the investment and nancing decisions of a rm which has an access to costly debt nancing. Our analysis shows that lump-sum debt issuance costs play a prominent role in a determination of the optimal investment strategy. Faced with larger lump-sum debt issuance costs, a rm will optimally set up a higher-scale investment project in order to "compensate" ...

We present a cashow based model of corporate debt valuation that incorporates two novel features. First, we allow for the separation and optimal determination of the rm's debt-service and dividend policies; in particular, the rm is allowed to maintain cash reserves to meet future debt obligations. Second, our model admits the possibility that raising resources through issuance of new equity cou...

Bangladesh Post Office introduced the Electronic Money Transfer System (EMTS), a mobile payment support service similar to Kenya’s M-PESA, to helps citizens send money orders quickly and safely. EMTS data show dramatic increase in electronic money order issuance, amount remitted, and amount of commission that outnumbered corresponding figures of ordinary money orders. Also EMTS shortened the av...

In this paper, an attempt has been made for the design of a robotic library using an intelligent system. The robot works on the ARM microprocessor, motor driver circuit with 5 degrees of freedom with Wi-Fi and GPS based communication protocol. The authenticity of the library books is controlled by RFID. The proposed robotic library system is facilitated with embedded system and ARM. In this lib...