Two stratigraphic sections (Kuh-e-Rahmat and Kuh-e-Sabz) of Upper Cretaceous strata in the Interior Fars region (SW of Iran) were selected. Lower Cretaceous succession of Kuh-e-Rahmat was consisted of Dariyan, Kazhdumi Sarvak and Ilam Formations. The lower contact of the Sarvak Formation with Kazhdumi Formation is described as a transitional type whereas the upper contact of Sarvak Formation wa...

The Figuera Lava, the oldest stratigraphic unit now recognized in northeastern Puerto Rico, and the overlying Fajardo Formation are redescribed and the name Figuera redefined and reinstated for formal use. Previously, lower Tertiary strata some distance from the type areas of the Figuera and Fajardo were correlated with the units by reconnaissance. Recent detailed mapping and paleontology now p...

Late Precambrian to early Cambrian sediments of the Amadeus Basin, Central Australia, contain two stable directions of magnetization. Lithologies are diverse and include red beds, green beds, and carbonates, all of which respond to thermal cleaning. Positive fold and unconformity tests, and a well-defined polarity zonation reveal the primary component and direction of magnetization. This direct...

Fossils and artifacts recovered from the middle Awash Valley of Ethiopia's Afar depression sample the Middle Pleistocene transition from Homo erectus to Homo sapiens. Ar/Ar ages, biostratigraphy, and tephrachronology from this area indicate that the Pleistocene Bodo hominid cranium and newer specimens are approximately 0.6 million years old. Only Oldowan chopper and flake assemblages are presen...

Any archaeological site shows a stratification formed by single 3D volumes, the deposits and specific 3D surfaces of human origin as pits, ditches or wall-surfaces known as the units of stratification. Excavation forms the main data retrieval process in field archaeology a destructive process to be documented in three dimensions. To fully reconstruct the part of the site destroyed by excavation...

[1] This paper brings together initial results obtained of the high northern latitudes in Mars years 28 and 29, between October 2006 and October 2008. These measurements confirm many previous models and shed new light on the nature of polar surface materials, particularly in intermediate-albedo units of the polar layered deposits, many of which are found to be ice-rich. We identify hydrated non...

Abstract. Archaeological site activities are extremely destructive. To understand how civilizations have developed, archaeologists to remove layers and of land find evidences their theories. An important task for researchers is accurately document every single detail the before definitive removal precious information. Position, orientation context where findings located could represent data be ...

In 2001, Harris strongly emphasized the need for Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to force archaeologists to acknowledge the pre-eminent position of surfaces, rather than deposits in stratigraphic analysis and recording. This is certainly a problem since stratigraphic data is often recorded in a haphazard and incomplete fashion such that it disallows the accurate and convincing representa...

Stratigraphy is the science that studies the strata, or beds, of (mainly) sedimentary rocks in order to extract from them the history of the earth’s surface. By grouping the bed successions in stratigraphic units and by studying their geometrical relationships with some simple rules, it creates the fundamental temporal relative framework necessary to understand the origin of the rock units them...

Two brachiopod communities from the Devonian Hay River Formation units B and C are moderately to heavily encrusted by epizoans. The unit B community bears evidence of predatory attacks. This community was much more diverse in terms of host brachiopods and attached epizoans; furthermore, epizoans were highly abundant. Predation traces occurred only on brachiopod species that were heavily encrust...