During development, distinct classes of neurons are specified in precise locations along the dorso-ventral and anterior-posterior axes of the neural tube. We provide evidence that intersections of Shh, which is expressed along the ventral neural tube, and FGF8, which is locally produced at the mid/hindbrain boundary and in the rostral forebrain, create induction sites for dopaminergic neurons i...

We have developed a model system for analyzing reconstitution of the notochord using cultured blastoderm isolates lacking Hensen's node and the primitive streak. Despite lacking normal notochordal precursor cells, the notochord still forms in these isolates during the 36 hours in culture. Reconstitution of the notochord involves an inducer, which acts upon a responder, thereby inducing a recons...

The axial tissues of the vertebrate embryo is a term that refers collectively to the floor plate (a cell population that lies at the ventral floor of the neural tube) and the notochord (which is a mesodermal rod of cells located immediately ventral to the floor plate). The notochord and floor plate both secrete the morphogen signal Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) that patterns the dorsoventral axis of the...

The axial tissues of the vertebrate embryo is a term that refers collectively to the floor plate (a cell population that lies at the ventral floor of the neural tube) and the notochord (which is a mesodermal rod of cells located immediately ventral to the floor plate). The notochord and floor plate both secrete the morphogen signal Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) that patterns the dorsoventral axis of the...

The axial tissues of the vertebrate embryo is a term that refers collectively to the floor plate (a cell population that lies at the ventral floor of the neural tube) and the notochord (which is a mesodermal rod of cells located immediately ventral to the floor plate). The notochord and floor plate both secrete the morphogen signal Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) that patterns the dorsoventral axis of the...

The axial tissues of the vertebrate embryo is a term that refers collectively to the floor plate (a cell population that lies at the ventral floor of the neural tube) and the notochord (which is a mesodermal rod of cells located immediately ventral to the floor plate). The notochord and floor plate both secrete the morphogen signal Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) that patterns the dorsoventral axis of the...

A new crystal form of penicillin acylase (penicillin amidohydrolase, E.C. 3.5.1.11) from Escherichia coli W (ATCC 11105) is reported. The crystals were grown using a combination of hanging-drop and streak-seeding methods. The crystals are in the monoclinic space group P2(1) with cell dimensions a = 51.52, b = 131.95, c = 64.43 A, beta = 106.12 degrees. There is one heterodimer in the asymmetric...

Here we report a novel murine zinc-finger gene, Opr, belonging to the opa/Zic family. Opr is expressed in the entire embryonic ectoderm before gastrulation, but gradually restricted to the anterior part from the mid to late streak stage. At the beginning of neural induction, Opr is expressed throughout the anterior neural plate, but is soon restricted to the neural ridge. After neural tube clos...

Zehneria scabra is a climber belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae, which has a wide traditional uses. The plant powder is used as curative agent of headache and stomachache when applied externally. Shoot paste also cures skin rashes and itches. Fruits are reported to cure stomachache. Ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and aqueous extracts of the shoot were tested against various patho...

Introduction: Flexible radial imaging allows multiple image sets, each having a different spatiotemporal balance, to be retrospectively reconstructed from the same dataset [1,2]. One of the applications that may benefit from this flexibility is dynamic contrast-enhanced breast imaging, in which the optimal spatiotemporal balance for image diagnosis is unknown. Images from radial undersampling h...