PURPOSE To evaluate the hypothesis that changes in nutritional status could be partly responsible for observed increases in myopia prevalence among Chinese children. DESIGN Cross-sectional cohort study. METHODS Rural Chinese secondary school children participating in a study of interventions to promote spectacle use were randomly sampled (20% of children with uncorrected vision >6/12 bilate...

Purpose To develop an objective refraction formula based on the ocular wavefront error (WFE) expressed in terms of Zernike coefficients and pupil radius, which would be an accurate predictor of subjective spherical equivalent (SE) for different pupil sizes. Methods A sphere is fitted to the ocular wavefront at the center and at a variable distance, t. The optimal fitting distance, topt, is ob...

PURPOSE To report on the frequency of observed refractive and accommodative errors among junior high school teachers in Jakarta, Indonesia, who participated in a Helen Keller International screening, refraction and spectacle distribution program. METHODS A total of 965 teachers from 19 schools were eligible for screening; those with uncorrected distance visual acuity (VA) ≤ 6/12-3 and teacher...

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and contralateral eye comparison of topography-guided myopic LASIK with two different refraction treatment strategies. SETTING Private clinical ophthalmology practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 eyes (50 patients) in consecutive cases of myopic topography-guided LASIK procedures with the same refractive platform (FS200 femtosecond and EX500...

PURPOSE To compare the static and dynamic accommodative responses measured with the WAM-5500 and the PowerRef-II autorefractors. METHODS The dynamic and static monocular accommodative responses were measured with the WAM-5500 and the PowerRef-II instruments in 30 pre-presbyopic patients (23.66 [±3.19] years). The spherical equivalent was measured at 0.00, 2.50, and 5.00 diopters (D) of accomm...

PURPOSE To assess the prevalence, distribution, and demographic associations of refractive error in an urban population in southern India. METHODS Two thousand five hundred twenty-two subjects of all ages, representative of the Hyderabad population, were examined in the population-based Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study. Objective and subjective refraction was attempted on subjects >15 years o...

OBJECTIVE To report a reversal of myopic anisometropic amblyopia with occlusion therapy in a 25 year old. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Eye clinic of a University Teaching Hospital in a metropolitan city. PARTICIPANT an index patient. INTERVENTION Occlusion therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Post occlusion visual acuity. RESULTS Presenting unaided visual acuity of right eye: 6/6, left eye:...

PURPOSE To compare refractive assessment results obtained with an aberrometer, an autorefractor, and manual subjective refraction (SR) in a healthy population with optimal visual potential. METHODS Sixty adults aged 18-59 years with visual acuity of 20/25 or better, no media opacity, and no known corneal or retinal abnormalities were recruited during the course of routine eye examination. Ref...

PURPOSE To evaluate efficacy, predictability, stability and safety of adjustable refractive surgery (ARS) by combining a phakic intraocular lens (IOL) (Artisan lens 6-mm optical zone [OZ]) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) (6.5 mm OZ) for the correction of myopia greater than -15.00 diopters (D). DESIGN Noncomparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-six eyes of 18 pat...