Weaver is a spontaneous mutation in mice characterized by the postnatal loss of external granule cells in the cerebellum and dopaminergic neurons of the midbrain, especially in the substantia nigra. We have shown previously that natural cell death with the morphology of apoptosis occurs in the substantia nigra of normal rodents during postnatal development. We therefore sought to determine whet...

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OBJECTIVE Our aim was to provide normative data concerning superior orbital fissure area (SOFA), ocular skin and the substantia nigra (D-SS) and orbital fissure and the substantia nigra (D-SOF-S) distances by CT scan in adult Caucasian population. METHODS The area of the superior orbital fissure (SOF), the distance between the ocular skin and the substantia nigra and the distance between the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In rats, degeneration of the ipsilateral substantia nigra occurs a few weeks after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The aim of this study was to clarify whether similar change is observed in stroke patients. METHODS Eighteen patients with striatal infarction and six patients with cortical infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery were examined by...

  Parkinson's disease (PD) is a human neurodegenerative disorder that is associated with a massive and progressive degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. There is strong evidence that oxidative stress participates in the etiology of PD. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate the neuroprotective activity of vitamin E, a free radical scavenger in the unilatera...

background: melatonin has receptors in substantia nigra pars compacta (snc) and regulates development of dopaminergic (da) neurons. this study was undertaken to determine ability of melatonin to protect snc dopaminergic neuron loss induced by estrogen deficiency in ovariectomized rats. methods: female rats were randomized into four groups of seven each: control, ethanol sham, ovariectomy (ovx) ...

Dopamine system disorders ranging from movement disorders to addiction and schizophrenia involve striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), yet their functional connectivity has been difficult to determine comprehensively. We generated a mouse with conditional channelrhodopsin-2 expression restricted to medium spiny neurons and assessed the specificity and strength of their intrinsic connections in ...

Substantia nigra neurons are known to play a key role in normal cognitive processes and disease states. While animal models and neuroimaging studies link dopamine neurons to novelty detection, this has not been demonstrated electrophysiologically in humans. We used single neuron extracellular recordings in awake human subjects undergoing surgery for Parkinson disease to characterize the feature...

PURPOSE To determine whether secondary MR changes occur in the thalamus or the substantia nigra after middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to MCA occlusion. At varying intervals, proton density-, T1-, and T2-weighted images were obtained with a 4.7-T superconductive MR unit. RESULTS T2-weighted images revealed an area of high signal inte...