Parent-offspring conflict theory predicts the emergence of weaning conflict between a mother and her offspring arising from skewed relatedness benefits. Empirical observations of weaning conflict have not been carried out in canids. In a field-based study on free-ranging dogs we observed that nursing/suckling bout durations decrease, proportion of mother-initiated nursing bouts decrease and mot...

The Effect of Consumption Extra Milk Replacer Over Mother's on Growth Efficiency and Blood Parameters Mahabadi Suckling Goat Kids

In many mammalian species, the intestinal epithelium undergoes major changes that allow a dietary transition from mother's milk to the adult diet at the end of the suckling period. These complex developmental changes are the result of a genetic programme intrinsic to the gut tube, but its regulators have not been identified. Here we show that transcriptional repressor B lymphocyte-induced matur...

In this study, a commercial DNA-DNA hybridization kit for the detection of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin is compared with a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the suckling mouse bioassay. Taking the suckling mouse assay as the "gold standard," the gene probe was the more specific and the ELISA was the more sensitive of the assays. The ELISA and the suckling mou...

The duration of the daily nursing episode was studied in five rabbits from Day 3 to Day 22 postpartum. Over the first 5 days there was a decrease in the mean duration from 225 sec. to 150 sec. Over the next 10 days it remained steady at about 150 sec. Second, five does were subjected to treatments which were intended to reduce suckling stimulation. Such treatments increased the duration of nurs...

A continuing debate in studies of social development in both humans and other animals is the extent to which early life experiences affect adult behavior. Also unclear are the relative contributions of cognitive skills ("intelligence") and temperament for successful outcomes. Guide dogs are particularly suited to research on these questions. To succeed as a guide dog, individuals must accomplis...

Forty-eight pigs were fostered at 2 to 9 h or at 2, 4, or 7 d of age to determine age-related differences in the behavioral interactions between fostered pigs, resident pigs, and the sow during the first 6 h after fostering. Pigs were fostered in pairs to sows with litters of comparable age. In each test, the two fostered pigs and two resident pigs of similar body weight were observed for 6 h, ...

Lactation delays the re-initiation of oestrous cyclicity in rats, resulting in physiological sterility for the duration of suckling. During this phase, the secretion of pituitary gonadotrophins is suppressed by an unknown mechanism. Continued application of the suckling stimulus by litter replacement (Bruce, 1958; Nicoll & Meites, 1959), or injections of prolactin (Meites & Nicoll, 1959), have ...

The objective of this study was to determine whether sow milk yield per gland could be increased by reducing the interval between suckles (suckling interval). Eighteen sows were allocated at their first farrowing to three treatments comprising litter sizes of 6 or 12 piglets or a cross-suckling treatment that was imposed to increase suckling frequency. The cross-suckled treatment comprised two ...

in this study, the effects of late gestational undernutrition (lgu) on plasma concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (igf-i), leptin, insulin and glucose in subsequent sucking lambs was investigated. ten twin-bearing ewes were fed either restrictedly (restricted) or adequately (control) during the last six weeks of gestation and were fed ad libitum after parturition. blood samples were t...