AIM Concern exists about the benefit of implantable defibrillator therapy in elderly patients. We assessed the utility of implantable defibrillator therapy and its effect on mortality in patients 70 years and older and compared results in this group to those in younger patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty-two out of 200 consecutive patients (16%) were 70 years or older at the time of implanta...

triploidy in grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella valenciennes, 1844, was induced on fertilized eggs to compare cold and heat shocks. two simplified methods explained for verification of triploidy in grass carp. the cold shock (7 ?c) was given in three treatments for 30 min starting 2.0, 2.5 and 4.0 min after fertilization. in cold shock, the start point (2.0 min after fertilization) showed the ...

Coupled socio-ecological systems (SES) are complex systems characterized by self-organization, non-linearities, interactions among heterogeneous elements within each subsystem, and feedbacks across scales and among subsystems. When such a system experiences a shock or a crisis, the consequences are difficult to predict. In this paper we first define what a shock or a crisis means for SES. Depen...

This paper proposes a model of financial contagion that accounts for explosive, mutually exciting shocks to market volatility. We fit the model using country-level data during the European sovereign debt crisis, which has its roots in the period 2008–2010, and was continuing to affect global markets as of October, 2011. Our analysis shows that existing volatility models are unable to explain tw...

This paper explores how human development responds to selected macroeconomic shocks in Nigeria. The study employed the Sen’s capabilities approach as analytical and posited that level of education, health status, quality investment, technology, government fiscal monetary policies are plausible determinants development. We used Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) estimate responses such shoc...

This paper introduces a stress test framework designed to quantify financial stability risks related the energy transition. As is standard in testing, we first construct various tail-event scenarios, which incorporate shocks climate policy and technology. We then use modeling approaches derive macroeconomic industry-specific implications of these shocks. To illustrate framework, granular data o...

This paper shows that the quantitative predictions of a DSGE model with an endogenous collateral constraint are consistent with key features of the emerging markets’ Sudden Stops. Business cycle dynamics produce periods of expansion during which the ratio of debt to asset values raises enough to trigger the constraint. This sets in motion a deflation of Tobin’s Q driven by Irving Fisher’s debt-...

Introduction The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has reduced mortality in survivors of sudden cardiac arrest and patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death. This benefit comes at the cost of device-related complications, including those related to transvenous leads. The subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) is an alternative to the conventional transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) system and has no tran...

In this paper I analyze whether restrictions to capital mobility reduce countries’ vulnerability to major external shocks. More specifically, I ask if countries that restrict the free flow of international capital have a lower probability of experiencing a sudden stop and being subject to contagion than countries that have a freer degree of capital mobility. I use three new indexes on the degre...