The nature of our star, the Sun, is dominated by its complex and variable magnetic fields. It is the purpose of this paper to review the fundamental nature of our magnetic Sun by outlining the most basic principles behind the way the Sun works and how its fields are generated, and to examine not only the historical observations of our magnetic star, but, in particular, to study the wonderful ob...

Sun-like stars are known to display a wide variety of magnetic activity which is likely to be the signature of a hydromagnetic dynamo mechanism working in stellar interiors. This dynamo mechanism has been studied extensively in the context of the Sun. Here we take ideas and experiences gained from solar dynamo modeling and build upon it to study the inferred scaling laws, involving stellar para...

Linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes span the nuclear envelope and are composed of KASH and SUN proteins residing in the outer and inner nuclear membrane, respectively. LINC formation relies on direct binding of KASH and SUN in the perinuclear space. Thereby, molecular tethers are formed that can transmit forces for chromosome movements, nuclear migration, and anchorage. W...

AbstracL Solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), solar energetic particles (SEPs), and fast solar wind rqrresent the energetic phenomera on the Sun. Flares and CMEs originate from closed magnetic field shuctures on the Sun typically found in active regions and quiescent filamant regions. On the other hand, fast solar wind originates from open field regions on the Sun, identified as coronal...

The nature of our star, the Sun, is dominated by its complex and variable magnetic fields. It is the purpose of this paper to review the fundamental nature of our magnetic Sun by outlining the most basic principles behind the way the Sun works and how its fields are generated, and to examine not only the historical observations of our magnetic star, but, in particular, to study the wonderful ob...

The nuclear envelope consists of 2 membranes separated by 30-50 nm, but how the 2 membranes are evenly spaced has been an open question in the field. Nuclear envelope bridges composed of inner nuclear membrane SUN proteins and outer nuclear membrane KASH proteins have been proposed to set and regulate nuclear envelope spacing. We tested this hypothesis directly by examining nuclear envelope spa...

Ionospheric variability (space weather) significantly impacts ground and space-based communications. In essence, the electrically charged particles of the ionosphere (i.e., the partially ionized portion of the atmosphere starting at about 40 nautical miles (nm) above the Earth's surface) can attenuate, totally absorb, reflect, change direction of propagation, and change the phase and amplitude ...

growing tendency for urbanization and rapid development of the cities has resulted in urban neighborhoods obstructing the access of each other to the natural sources e.g. solar energy, natural ventilation. sunlight as the main part of input energy in urban energy balance equation and natural lighting is of vital importance. this paper attempts to achieve an optimum morphology for residential bl...

Increased energy demand and fossil fuel usage of the world has led to search for new clean production methods. Renewable sources are developing emerging options Sun is most accessible stable renewable source. There several methods produce from sun. The building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) system a well-known method generating electricity by using solar cells transform sun into electricity. B...

Sun sensors are widely used in spacecraft attitude determination subsystems to provide a measurement of the sun vector in spacecraft coordinates. At the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, there is an ongoing research activity to utilize Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) processes to develop a smaller and lighter sun sensor for space applications. A prototype su...