Microcirculation of the sheath of the rat sciatic nerve fiber was investigated by using an intravital microscope, and changes in the diameter of the epineurial arterioles in response to highly oxygenated Krebs-bicarbonate solution were evaluated. Superfusion of low-oxygen (0%) Krebs-bicarbonate solution (LKS) onto rat sciatic nerves did not affect changes in the diameter of the arterioles. Nife...

Although patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) often exhibit hypertension, the mechanisms responsible for this correlation are not well known. We hypothesized that the bulbospinal neurons in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) are affected by the levels of glucose, insulin, or incretins (glucagon like peptide-1 [GLP-1] or glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide [GIP]) in patients with DM. ...

The goal of this study was to determine whether electrophysiological mechanisms contribute to the relaxation of cat middle cerebral artery in response to decreased ambient Po2 and whether decreased Po2 alters the myogenic depolarization and contraction of this vessel in response to elevations in transmural pressure. In one series of experiments, arterial segments (200-500 micron outer diameter)...

To investigate the membrane current changes induced by membrane stretching, single guinea pig ventricular myocytes were superfused with solutions of various osmolarities, and the whole-cell current was recorded by the patch-clamp technique. The application of 70% and 130% osmolar bath solutions increased and decreased the amplitude of delayed rectifier K+ current (IK), respectively, whereas no ...

Immunocytochemical studies showed the presence of a fiber system containing a CRF-like peptide in the median eminence and in the neural lobe of the pituitary gland of Xenopus laevis. During in vitro superfusion of neurointermediate lobe tissue, CRF, sauvagine and urotensin I induced a rapid and dose-dependent stimulation of secretion of MSH and endorphin. Tissue of white-background adapted anim...

Dopamine neurons are thought to convey a fast, incentive salience signal, faster than can be mediated by dopamine. A resolution of this paradox may be that midbrain dopamine neurons exert fast excitatory actions. Using transgenic mice with fluorescent dopamine neurons, in which the axonal projections of the neurons are visible, we made horizontal brain slices encompassing the mesoaccumbens dopa...

Electrophysiological evidence for the existence of dendritic spikes in the Purkinje cells of pigeon cerebellar cortex is presented. Intradendritic records indicate that the electroresponsive properties of the dendrites linger after voltage-dependent sodium and potassium conductances are reduced by superfusion of the cortex with Ringer's solution containing 20 mug/ml tetrodotoxin and 5 mM 3-amin...

Abstract Background Opioid drugs are used to treat pain in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but their side effects can cause serious morbidity. Therefore, we tested a novel opioid analgesic, ±)-N-(3-fluoro-1-phenethylpiperidine-4-yl)-N-phenylpropionamide (NFEPP) which selectively activates peripheral µ-opioid receptors at acidic pH, as occurs inflamed tissue. Aims Evaluate whether NFEPP causes ...