Amphotericin B (AmB) induces oxidative and nitrosative stresses, characterized by production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, in fungi. Yet, how these toxic species contribute to AmB-induced fungal cell death is unclear. We investigated the role of superoxide and nitric oxide radicals in AmB's fungicidal activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, using a digital microfluidic platform, which ...

Oxygen radicals have been widely implicated in neoplastic transformation; however, little is known regarding their mode of action. In an attempt to delineate potential mechanisms of action, an analysis of superoxide effects on cell growth was studied in normal and two nontumorigenic, immortal cell lines derived from normal Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) fibroblasts. The two immortal cell lines dif...

A unified theory of cell differentiation, aging, and cancer is discussed. All cells are hypothesized to originate from stem cells. These stem cells mature as they divide and eventually reach a fully differentiated cell, which cannot divide. Aging is caused by the loss of stem cells, either due to cell death or terminal differentiation, and by eventual death of fully differentiated cells. Both l...

In the present study, antioxidant properties of flavonoids and polysaccharides from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves were evaluated in several in vitro systems, e.g., scavenging activities on hydroxyl, superoxide anion, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, and reducing power. Flavonoids showed much better activity ...

Objectives. Superoxide dismutase, acting as a scavenger of oxygen free radicals, has shown mixed results in increasing survival from burn wounds. We previously demonstrated that human recombinant copper-zinc superoxide dismutase could increase the survival of failing ischaemic flaps in a rat model. Because of the similar pathophysiology of tissue ischaemia in flaps and intermediate zone burns, ...

AIM To evaluate the effect of esculin, a plant coumarin glucoside, on free radicals and against epirubicin-induced toxicity on bone marrow cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Antioxidant activity was assessed by a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence method or NBT test in a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system, and two iron-dependent lipid peroxidation systems. In vivo experiments were carried out in epi...