Current practice guidelines recommend administration of surfactant at or soon after birth in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. However, recent multicenter randomized controlled trials indicate that early use of continuous positive airway pressure with subsequent selective surfactant administration in extremely preterm infants results in lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasi...

Current practice guidelines recommend administration of surfactant at or soon after birth in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. However, recent multicenter randomized controlled trials indicate that early use of continuous positive airway pressure with subsequent selective surfactant administration in extremely preterm infants results in lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasi...

Current practice guidelines recommend administration of surfactant at or soon after birth in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. However, recent multicenter randomized controlled trials indicate that early use of continuous positive airway pressure with subsequent selective surfactant administration in extremely preterm infants results in lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasi...

Purpose: The study aimed to examine whether prophylactic surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) with less invasive administration (LISA) by tracheal catheterization in a group of spontaneously breathing preterm infants would improve clinical outcomes compared SRT the INtubation-SURfactantExtubation (INSURE) method.Methods: We 20 infants, 25 29 weeks gestation or birth weight than 1,250 g, treated...

Current practice guidelines recommend administration of surfactant at or soon after birth in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. However, recent multicenter randomized controlled trials indicate that early use of continuous positive airway pressure with subsequent selective surfactant administration in extremely preterm infants results in lower rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasi...

Although one would predict that surfactant replacement therapy would be effective in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a recent large trial proved unsuccessful, possibly reflecting the nature of the surfactant used. Given the importance of the unique proteins in the action of surfactant, these would seem vital components of any exogenous surfactant. The ability to identify patients at...

Introduction: Meconium staining of amniotic fluid (MSAF) is a natural phenomenon in pregnant mothers and their fetuses. MSAF may lead to developing Aspiration Syndrome (MAS). Surfactant replacement therapy has recently emerged as MAS, but no guideline outlines how administer it properly. Case Presentation: We present two term neonates with severe MAS cases focusing on the bolus surfactant thera...

C ongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), which occurs in one in 2,500 live births [1], is the most life-threatening cause of lung hypoplasia and is associated with high mortality, morbidity, cost, and suffering. The lungs are abnormally " stiff " in neonates with CDH [2], necessitating mechanical ventilation, often at high airway pressures, to prevent atelectasis and maximize the surface area av...

BACKGROUND Patients with influenza virus infection can develop severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) which have a high mortality. Influenza virus infection is treated worldwide mainly by neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs). However, monotherapy with NAIs is insufficient for severe pneumonia secondary to influenza virus infection. We previously demonstrated that mice infect...