A force and/or torque are induced in a material under the imposition of a magnetic field. Their magnitudes are different from those acting on the surrounding materials because of the difference in their physical properties. Therefore, a magnetic field is a powerful tool for controlling a second phase in a mother phase such as particles suspended in a liquid. In this paper, we focus on two proce...

In a two-step method, carbon nanotubes, inorganic nanowires, or graphene sheets are connected between two anchor points to form nanomaterial air bridges. First, a recently developed method of forming directionally oriented polymer nanofibers by hand-application is used to form suspended composite polymer-nanomaterial fibers. Then, the polymer is sacrificed by thermally induced depolymerization ...

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have considerably expanded the field of materials science in the past decade. Even more recently, various 2D materials have been assembled into vertical van der Waals heterostacks, and it has been proposed to combine them with other low-dimensional structures to create new materials with hybridized properties. We demonstrate the first direct images of a suspended ...

The aim of this investigation was to quantify the carcinogenic and mutagenic activity of antigorite occurring in the form of admixtures in different mineral raw materials (serpentinite, magnesite, dolomite and nickel ore). The carcinogenicity of dusts was evaluated after intraperitoneal injections of 5 mg (mice) or 20 mg (rats) of dust suspended in saline. A pathomorphological examination was p...

A technique is presented for estimating suspended sediment concentrations of turbid coastal waters with remotely sensed multi-spectral data. The method improves upon many standard techniques, since it incorporates analyses of multiple wavelength bands (four for Sea-viewingWide Field of view Sensor (SeaWiFS)) and a nonlinear calibration, which produce highly accurate results (expected errors are...

This review surveys micromachined gyroscope structure and circuitry technology. The principle of micromachined gyroscopes is first introduced. Then, different kinds of MEMS gyroscope structures, materials and fabrication technologies are illustrated. Micromachined gyroscopes are mainly categorized into micromachined vibrating gyroscopes (MVGs), piezoelectric vibrating gyroscopes (PVGs), surface...

Advances in nanotechnology have resulted in a variety of exciting new nanomaterials, such as nanotubes, nanosprings and suspended nanoparticles. Characterizing these materials is important for refining the manufacturing process as well as for determining their optimal application. The scale of the nanocomponents makes high-resolution imaging, such as electron microscopy, a preferred method for ...

We present thermal conductivity measurements of micromachined 500 nm thick silicon-nitride Si–N beams suspended between two Si–N islands, in the temperature range from 77 to 325 K. The measured thermal conductivity, k, of Si–N at high temperatures is in good agreement with previously measured values for Si–N grown by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition, but behaves much differently as temper...

A filled rubber network consists of polymer chains which are suspended between filler aggregates. In this contribution, the nonlinear elastic behavior of the aggregated filler particles inside the rubber matrix is investigated. Previously, by using scaling theory, the influence of initial length and fractal dimension of aggregates on the elastic response of aggregated structures was studied. He...

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have emerged as promising materials to complement graphene for advanced optoelectronics. However, irreversible degradation of chemical vapor deposition-grown monolayer TMDs via oxidation under ambient conditions limits applications of TMD-based devices. Here, the growth of oxidation-resistant tungsten disulfide (WS2 ) monolayers on graphene is demonstrate...