Neural stem cells persist in the adult mammalian forebrain and are a potential source of neurons for repair after brain injury. The two main areas of persistent neurogenesis, the subventricular zone (SVZ)-olfactory bulb pathway and hippocampal dentate gyrus, are stimulated by brain insults such as stroke or trauma. Here we focus on the effects of focal cerebral ischemia on SVZ neural progenitor...

Abstract INTRODUCTION Radiotherapy is the primary local intervention for cerebral metastases (BMs). Despite decades of advancements in this field, inadvertent collateral irradiation adjacent healthy tissue proximity to neoplastic site remains a persistent challenge. Neural stem cells (NSCs), crucial establishment and preservation nervous system, exhibit heightened sensitivity radiation. Consequ...

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fob.2015.05.001 2211-5463/ 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Abbreviations: DG, dentate gyrus; NSC, neural stem cells; RGL, radial glia-like cells; SGZ, subgranular zone; SVZ, subve...

In the adult brain new neurons are continuously generated mainly in two regions, the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. In the SGZ, radial neural stem cells (NSCs) give rise to granule cells that integrate into the hippocampal circuitry and are relevant for the plasticity of the hippocampus. Loss of neurogenesis i...

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling both promote the differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells into glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactive cells. This study compares the cellular and molecular characteristics, and the potentiality, of GFAP(+) cells generated by these different signaling pathways. Treatment of cultured embryonic su...

The vasculature has been identified as a prominent feature across several stem cell niches, suggesting a crucial role in their regulation and maintenance. While a critical component of every organ and tissue, it has adopted specific features for specialized microenvironments. Most notably, the subventricular (SVZ) and subgranular (SGZ) zones of the adult brain harbor unique vascular plexi that ...

INTRODUCTION In the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), neurogenesis occurs mainly prenatally but continues in restricted regions during the postnatal life. It is intensive during the first two weeks after birth picking at P7-P9. Thereafter, neurogenesis is significantly diminished and remains longlife in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) ...

Neurogenesis is a multifactorial event determined by local environmental cues, inherent cellular program as well as cellular milieu and may not necessarily be restricted to the SVZ and SGZ. NSCs have been isolated from or neurogenesis has been demonstrated in traditionally non neurogenic regions. This more permissive view of neurogenesis, however, is not widely accepted due to concerns regardin...

The adult mammalian brain retains neural stem cells that continually generate new neurons within two restricted regions: the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the dentate gyrus subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus. Though these cellular populations are spatially isolated and subserve different brain systems, common themes begin to define adult neurogenic niches: (1) as...