Solutions to the symbol grounding problem, in psychologically plausible cognitive models, have been based on hybrid connectionist/symbolic architectures, on robotic approaches and on connectionist only systems. This paper presents new simulations on the use of neural network architectures for the grounding of symbols on categories. In particular, the connectivity patterns between layers of the ...

In this paper, we report a cooperative manipulation method for non-contact robotic electromagnetic needle system. We employ two 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) needles to achieve an over-actuated manipulator, which can move the particle any position in planar workspace from direction. The redundant DOFs, combined with optimization-based control approach, enable manipulator accurate path following an...

Objective: There is a large theoretical literature regarding stock market manipulation. However, empirical evidence of manipulation remains scare especially in emerging markets like Iran. So, it is vital to detect and prevent. Manipulation distorts prices, thereby reducing market efficiency and harms public confidence. Distorted prices increase market volatility and risk. This study empirically...

Two imaging experiments were performed--one involving an algebraic transformation task studied by Anderson, Reder, and Lebiere (1996) and the other an abstraction symbol manipulation task studied by Blessing and Anderson (1996). ACT-R models exist that predict the latency patterns in these tasks. These models require activity in an imaginal buffer to represent changes to the problem representat...

The thesis of this paper is that in the digital age we are moving away from words and concepts characteristic print age, towards use images symbols. I distinguish between objective symbols as mathematics, cultural poetry religion. Students must learn to move recognizing rules language internalizing norms culture, according analogy learning. Ricoeur’s theory interpretation explains passage recog...

Behavior recognition process and behavior generation process have a close relationship in humans' brains. It is expected that humans' brains understand the meaning of behavior and create symbols through co-development of recognition and generation processes. In this paper, we propose a novel method for the integration of behavior patterns and symbols using associative memory in order to realize...

the subject of womanhood is an attempt to explain why the woman is a symbol of self. i will start the paper with the story of “a’arabi and the caliph” from the view point of symbol and then i will continue with the definition of self, symbol, why the woman is a symbol of self as it is believed by mystics. the allegorical result based on najm razi’s theory shows the accompaniment of self with wi...