Nandrolone, or 19-Nortestosterone, is one of the most widely used synthetic anabolic-androgenic steroids by athletes who need power and muscle strength. It is derived from testosterone, the main sex hormone produced in man. A small chemical modification makes nandrolone more anabolic than androgenic and accounts for its widespread misuse in sport. Testosterone has an anabolic:androgenic ratio o...

Methylprednisolone synthetic corticosteroid (MP, Medrol, Canada 8 mg) was orally administered to healthy male volunteer. Urine samples were collected up to three days post-dose. Ten new metabolites have been identified in addition to the seven ones reported previously. LC-MS analysis have shown well-known 11-keto – 11-hydroxy interconversion and the formation of methylprednisolone 20-hydroxy, 6...

Cytokinins are classic hormones that orchestrate plant growth and development and the integrity of stem cell populations. Cytokinin receptors are eukaryotic sensor histidine kinases that are activated by both naturally occurring adenine-type cytokinins and urea-based synthetic compounds. Crystal structures of the Arabidopsis thaliana histidine kinase 4 sensor domain in complex with different cy...

© 2012 Soyer-Gobillard and Sultan, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/3. 0) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Behavioral and Somatic Disorders in Children Exposed in Utero to Synt...

  Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) as active biological compounds can pose a threat to the environment through acute and chronic toxicity in organisms, accumulation in the ecosystem, and loss of habitats and biodiversity. They also have a range of possible adverse effects on environmental...

The lung is an important metabolic organ. Glucose provides the major source of substrate. Oxidative pathways are active and are required to maintain normal tissue energy stores. Synthetic activity in the lung is extensive and related mainly to synthesis of dipalmitoyl lecithin and other components of the lung surfactant system. The lung plays an important role in the metabolism of xenobiotics a...

‰Á " ¡ —²ˆê Kato et al. (1-3) and Booth and Gillette (4) demonstrated that the sex difference in the activities of drug-metabolizing enzyme systems of rat liver microsomes is related to the anabolic action of male sex hormone. In fact, they demonstrated increases in the activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes of liver microsomes of castrated female rats by the treatment with synthetic hormones ...

The standard thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) test (200 μg) with synthetic TRH is no longer used commonly for the detection of primary hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The reason has been that this test has been replaced by the development of more sensitive thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) assays, and hence suppression or elevation of TSH has been regarded as a sufficient criterion for th...

Evolution often diversifies a peptide hormone family into multiple subfamilies, which exert distinct activities by exclusive interaction with specific receptors. Here we show that systematic swapping of pre-existing variation in a subfamily of plant CLE peptide hormones leads to a synthetic bifunctional peptide that exerts activities beyond the original subfamily by interacting with multiple re...