majd al-islam kermani was an intellectual clergyman and outstanding journalist of constitution period who spent his life on serving his country. he fought qajar despotic government, writing several articles in newspapers especially adab, even to be exiled to kalat. but after the constitutionalists got victory and the new government established, he published four newspapers in the name of nedaye...

| Dear school comrades! In having the honor to speak before you in the situation of a convention devoted to the memory of Leonard Nelson, I would like first to set forth briefly the purpose of my presentation. Nelson was the competent head of his school not only because of the sharpness of his thought, but also because his overall personality. Such a personality gathers among his devotees peopl...

this article tries to show shaw's anti-victorian strategies with a brief glance at arms and the man. shaw’s exceptional attitude to drama and his efforts to shock the victorians out of their romantic illusions became one of his main goals as a dramatist. shaw’s philosophy, wit and realistic attitude made him one of the most renowned dramatists in english literature. his name evokes sophist...

Abū Isḥāq Tha‘labī Nayshābūrī is an outstanding Iranian exegete of the fourth and fifth centuries LH. Tha‘labī has been so skillful in various Islamic sciences such as Arabic linguistics (including morphology, syntax (grammatical inflection), vocabulary, and rhetoric), Ḥadīth, exegesis, and qur’ānic sciences that numerous students from many near and far places attended his classes. Tha‘labī’s c...

‘abd al-wahhāb b. aḥmad sha‘rānī (898-973/1492-1565) is to be considered as one of the most important advocates of muḥyī al-dīn ibn ‘arabī (560-638/1164-1240). he has written significant books in defense of and under the inspiration of ibn ‘arabī, the most important of which that can be mentioned are al-yawāqīt wa al-jawāhir, al-kibrīt al-aḥmar, and al-qawā‘id al-kashfiyya. it is worth mentioni...

ibn abī al-ḥadīd, as one of the commentators of nahj al-balāgha has tried in his commentaries to take into consideration one of the important principles of fiqh al-ḥadīth, i.e. critique of tradition. having examined the critical approach of the commentator in his writings as well as his pivotal ijtihād (legal reasoning) in his treating traditions, the writer of this article has studied the meth...