As the d esig n-m anu factu ring interface becom es increasing ly com plicated with IC technolog y scaling , the correspond ing process variability poses g reat challeng es for nanoscale analog / R F d esig n. D esig n optim ization based on the enu m eration of process corners has been wid ely u sed , bu t can su ff er from ineffi ciency and overd esig n. In this paper we propose to form u lat...

It is appropriate that this issue of the Bulletin coincides with the report of the WHO Commission on Intellectual Property and Innovation in Health (CIPIH).1 Developing health technolog gies for the world’s poor people increasg ingly requires the wise management of intellectual property (IP), and the papers in this issue all treat IP as a strategic asset. Vaccines, DNA patenting, and the innova...

We provide a selective review, based mainly on publications from the past 10 years, of potential uses of computer technology in clinical psychology services for people with mental retardation and other developmental disabilities. The review is organized according to three general stages of a scientist-practitioner working model: assessment, formulation, and intervention. Examples of technologie...

explain the C-value paradox—the observation that ge-It has now become clear that lateral DNA transfer has nome size does not necessarily correlate with organism played and continues to play a major role in shaping complexity (for example, the human genome is 30 times genomes. Lateral DNA Transfer constitutes a great effort bigger than that of baker's yeast, yet 20 times smaller to put under one...

In the middle of the last decade, the search for cancer biomarkers shifted from a type of gold rush to an elusive quest. The potential payoff is substantial: if oncologists had molecules that could help them find and treat a cancer at an early stage, they expect that they could boost survival. In addition, biomarkers could profile tumors, helping doctors and patients make informed decisions abo...

Abstr mach space availa and c we c distor Keyw came 1 Introd Desktop an equipment t example, th (TUT) [1] u mm and tha small worki shows the T control elec Fig. 1. megapixel, iniaturized T ampere Univers Kork {t ract. This paper hine vision equip es raise the need able miniaturize compared them a compared four rtions, edge shar words: Microfa era systems duction nd microfacto that can be pl he ...

With the rapid development of information technolog y (IT) and the Internet growth, it is widely accept ed that computer and information communication literacy has become e xtremely important, and will play a major part in e veryone's lives in the future. In order to teach the next generations computer litera cy, it is first necessary to train our teachers. In Japan a new teachers' education fr...

A once widely used nematicide that is now banned, 1,2dibromokhloropropane (DBCP), persists in groundwaters and is a significant pOlluUnt in some water supplier. A study was conducted to determine whether a means for the biodegradation of this persistent compound could be devised. DBCP was not converted to organic products, halide, or CO, in unamended samples of soil, subsoil materiel, or ground...

Reproducible fabrication of Scanning Tunneling Microscope tips is carried out following an electrochemical procedure widely reported. Tips are made from 0.5 diameter tungsten wire. Controlling fabrication parameters (immersion in the electrochemical solution, current-voltage ranges, duration of the process, among others) we achieve aspect ratios of 0.68 and tip radii of 330 nm in the best case....

Exper iments a r e conducted using a number of adaptive transmission systems that a r e suitable for th i rd generation personal communications networks (PCN) . I t becomes apparent that the selection of the t y p e of modem and number of modulation levels of the modem, the speech codec t o b e used, and whether t o deploy a channel codec, depends on the channel S N R a n d teletrafflc demand i...