A simplified modelling approach to urban commuting patterns is achieved by focusing on daytime populations rather than on commuters, or on the commuting process itself. Whereas past studies were usually economic in nature, and viewed commuting as a process within the continuum of urban space and time, the approach addressing daytime populations transforms the modelling attempt into a demographi...

BACKGROUND This year's new H1N1 flu strain has rapidly become a serious threat worldwide. This pandemic calls for urgent preparedness to mitigate its impact as much as possible. Employing this knowledge, we simulated a model of the outbreak of H1N1 in two cities of Iran (middle size: Kerman and metropolitan: Tehran). METHODS We developed a compartmental model to predict the expected number of...

Background: According to national laws and world experiences; provision, maintenance, and improving citizens’ health are considered to be the essential functions of municipalities as a “social institute”. In order to equitably promote health conditions at urban level, particularly in marginal areas, since 2004 targeted efforts have been implemented in the municipality of Tehra...

The aim of this study is to produce landslide susceptibility mapping by probabilistic likelihood ratio (PLR) and spatial multi-criteria evaluation (SMCE) models based on geographic information system (GIS) in the north of Tehran metropolitan, Iran. The landslide locations in the study area were identified by interpretation of aerial photographs, satellite images, and field surveys. In order to ...

The Great Plains are sometimes characterized as an economically lagging region. To shed some light on the region sprospects, the locational and structural changes in employment patterns in the northern and central Great Plains were examinedfor the 1980 to 1990 period. County-level data were drawn from CD-ROM census publications and matched with locational references using Atlas *GIS . Shift-sha...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the recent changes of radiation therapy (RT) modalities in Korea. In particular, we focused on intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) utilization as the main index, presenting the application status of advanced RT. METHODS We collected information from the Korean Health and Insurance Review and Assessment Service data based on the National Health In...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether medical graduates who spent their intern year at a non-metropolitan hospital were more likely to practise outside metropolitan areas on completion of training than were interns in metropolitan hospitals. DESIGN Retrospective follow-up of doctors who held year-long internships at a non-metropolitan hospital and interns from metropolitan hospitals. SETTING Balla...

The São Paulo Metropolitan Region (SPMR), currently with about 18 million inhabitants, had only 1.5 million residents in the nineteen forties. The region grew fast and steadily mainly from 1960 to 1980, the period of its consolidation as an area of significant population concentration, when the metropolitan rates of participation both in the State of São Paulo and in the Brazilian population ha...